Tetrazoles for biomedicine

Abstract

The tetrazole ring is an important pharmacophore. It is a structural component in many drugs, drug candidates (or lead compounds) and various biochemical reagents. This review summarizes data on the use of tetrazoles in biomedicine published in the last 10 – 15 years and also views on the nature of their biological effects. The prospects for the development of new biologically active substances containing a tetrazolyl pharmacophore are analyzed. The bibliography includes 263 references.

Boehmite@SiO2@ Tris (hydroxymethyl)aminomethane‐Cu(I): a novel, highly efficient and reusable nanocatalyst for the C‐C bond formation and the synthesis of 5‐substituted 1H‐tetrazoles in green media

“…[35] However, some methods have disadvantages such as the need for toxic metals and explosive azide sources. [19,[35][36][37] The use of copper catalysts for this transformation is still interesting from an industrial point of view; because copper is cheaper and less toxic than other transition metals. [38,39] The most representative Cu catalysts are homogenous Cu complexes coordinated with different organic ligands and providing excellent yields.…”

Metallosupramolecular Compounds Based on Copper(II/I) Chloride and Two Bis-Tetrazole Organosulfur Ligands

“…The tetrazole organosulfur derivatives and their transition metal complexes are important in medicinal chemistry and drug design [9] and also as industrial materials [10]. In the field of metallosupramolecular chemistry, these compounds are particularly interesting since the tetrazole moiety contains several nitrogen atoms that can facilitate simultaneously the coordination to one or more metal centers and the formation of hydrogen bonds acting as acceptors.…”

Fe3O4@L‐lysine‐Pd(0) organic–inorganic hybrid: As a novel heterogeneous magnetic nanocatalyst for chemo and homoselective [2 + 3] cycloaddition synthesis of 5‐substituted 1H‐tetrazoles

“…[18,19] Moreover, the synthetic pharmaceuticals with interesting biological activities such as antimicrobial and antitumor inhibitors include N-containing tetrazole structural system in their structures. [14,[20][21][22][23] The [2 + 3] cycloaddition synthesis of tetrazoles with medicinally privileged fused substituent at C5 provides an opportunity for the synthesis of a library of N-heterocycles with drug-like structural diversity and complexity. [24,25] Five-substituted 1H-tetrazole heterocycles, in particular, represent a class of medicinally important and structurally diverse complex molecules and incorporated as core units in a number of natural and synthetic pharmaceuticals with a wide ranging potential bioactivities.…”