The Action–Sentence Compatibility Effect: It's All in the Timing

Borreggine, Kristin L.; Kaschak, Michael P.

doi:10.1207/s15516709cog0000_91

Cited by 121 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…But if readers perceptually simulate what is being described in the text (including the protagonist's movement) by activating their own motor and perceptual experiences, it is possible that their physical movement, if compatible with and tethered to the protagonist's described movement, can facilitate spatial updating in situation models. This possibility is in line with findings from studies demonstrating interactions between physical movement and the processing of described actions (e.g., Borreggine & Kaschak, 2006;Glenberg & Kaschak, 2002;Kaschak & Borreggine, 2008;Zwaan & Taylor, 2006) and overall with the idea that representations of spatial information in situation models are embodied (Zwaan, 2004).…”

supporting

confidence: 88%

Updating spatial relations to remote locations described in narratives

2016

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In four experiments we examined whether sensorimotor encoding influences readers' reasoning about spatial scenes acquired through narratives. Participants read a narrative that described the geometry of a store and then pointed to the memorized locations of described objects from imagined perspectives. In Experiment 1, participants walked during learning towards the direction of every described object and then visualized these objects as being in the immediate environment. In Experiment 2 they rotated their body to the direction of the described objects instead of walking to them, while in Experiment 3 they only turned their heads towards the objects. In Experiment 4, we eliminated the instructions to visualize the objects altogether. Results from the first three experiments revealed a performance benefit for responding from the perspective that participants physically occupied at testing. However, results from Experiment 4 showed that only participants who, in a post-task questionnaire, indicated that they had linked the described environment to their immediate environment exhibited such a benefit. Findings indicate that (1) the physical change in orientation influences reasoning about described environments if the remote environments are linked to participants' sensorimotor framework and, (2) visualization instructions are sufficient to produce such a link.

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supporting

confidence: 88%

Updating spatial relations to remote locations described in narratives

2016

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“…For example, Glenberg and Kaschak (2002) showed that participants are faster to make an active response when the direction of motion described in a sentence matches the direction of motion required to make the response (see also Borreggine & Kaschak, 2006). Likewise, Zwaan and Taylor (2006) showed that sentences describing manual rotation (e.g., she turned the volume up/down) facilitate a congruent manual rotation of the hand (e.g., rotation of a knob to the right/left).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Body schematics: On the role of the body schema in embodied lexical–semantic representations

2010

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a b s t r a c tWords denoting manipulable objects activate sensorimotor brain areas, likely reflecting action experience with the denoted objects. In particular, these sensorimotor lexical representations have been found to reflect the way in which an object is used. In the current paper we present data from two experiments (one behavioral and one neuroimaging) in which we investigate whether body schema information, putatively necessary for interacting with functional objects, is also recruited during lexical processing. To this end, we presented participants with words denoting objects that are typically brought towards or away from the body (e.g., cup or key, respectively). We hypothesized that objects typically brought to a location on the body (e.g., cup) are relatively more reliant on body schema representations, since the final goal location of the cup (i.e., the mouth) is represented primarily through posture and body coordinates. In contrast, objects typically brought to a location away from the body (e.g., key) are relatively more dependent on visuo-spatial representations, since the final goal location of the key (i.e., a keyhole) is perceived visually. The behavioral study showed that prior planning of a movement along an axis towards and away from the body facilitates processing of words with a congruent action semantic feature (i.e., preparation of movement towards the body facilitates processing of cup.). In an fMRI study we showed that words denoting objects brought towards the body engage the resources of brain areas involved in the processing information about human bodies (i.e., the extra-striate body area, middle occipital gyrus and inferior parietal lobe) relatively more than words denoting objects typically brought away from the body. The results provide converging evidence that body schema are implicitly activated in processing lexical information.

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“…There is substantial experimental evidence for this view, suggesting that both motor simulation (Bergen & Wheeler, 2005, 2010Borreggine & Kaschak, 2006;Glenberg & Kaschak, 2002;Zwaan & Taylor, 2006) and perceptual simulation (Bergen et al, 2007;Kiefer, Sim, Herrnberger, Grothe, & Hoenig, 2008;Matlock, 2004;Richardson et al, 2003;Stanfield & Zwaan, 2001;Zwaan et al, 2002) are unconsciously and automatically engaged during language understanding. As was noted at the beginning of this article, evidence from brain imaging studies also shows that processing language associated with particular perceptual or motor functions activates the neural areas responsible for those same functions (Pulvermüller et al, 2001;Tettamanti et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%