The aggregation pheromones of thrips (Thysanoptera) and their potential for pest management

Kirk, William D. J.

doi:10.1017/s1742758416000205

Cited by 47 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Behavioral responses observed in the present study need to be further tested using other geographically distinct populations of M. sjostedti . The potential to enhance the attraction of both male and female thrips offers potential for the use of the aggregation pheromone as part of integrated pest management monitoring (Kirk 2017 ), mass-trapping (Sampson and Kirk 2013 ) or “lure and infect” (Mfuti et al 2017 ). Further studies are being undertaken to test the effectiveness of the synthetic compounds under field conditions as well as to identify the most effective release rates and blends.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is further supported by the presence of sternal glands, implicated in production of aggregation pheromone in other thrips species, in male bean flower thrips (Krueger et al 2015 ). The identification of semiochemicals mediating aggregation in thrips can contribute to the development of novel and ecologically sound approaches to control these pests (Kirk 1997 , 2017 ; Suckling et al 2008 ). For example, identification of the aggregation pheromone in the western flower thrips led to the development of commercial lures for monitoring and mass trapping (Kirk and Hamilton 2003 ; Sampson and Kirk 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Male-Produced Aggregation Pheromone of the Bean Flower Thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

et al. 2019

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Aggregation of the bean flower thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), has been observed on cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. To understand the mechanism underpinning this behavior, we studied the responses of M. sjostedti to headspace volatiles from conspecifics in a four-arm olfactometer. Both male and female M. sjostedti were attracted to male, but not to female odor. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses revealed the presence of two distinct compounds in male M. sjostedti headspace, namely ( R )-lavandulyl 3-methylbutanoate (major compound) and ( R )-lavandulol (minor compound); by contrast, both compounds were only present in trace amounts in female headspace collections. A behavioral assay using synthetic compounds showed that male M. sjostedti was attracted to both ( R )-lavandulyl 3-methylbutanoate and ( R )-lavandulol, while females responded only to ( R )-lavandulyl 3-methylbutanoate. This is the first report of a male-produced aggregation pheromone in the genus Megalurothrips . The bean flower thrips is the primary pest of cowpea, which is widely grown in sub-Saharan Africa. The attraction of male and female M. sjostedti to these compounds offers an opportunity to develop ecologically sustainable management methods for M. sjostedti in Africa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Male-Produced Aggregation Pheromone of the Bean Flower Thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

et al. 2019

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“…Aggregation pheromones of F. occidentalis have been identified and shown to be cost‐effective for monitoring detection of this thrip species in the field (Kirk, ). Huang et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A global invasion by the thrip, Frankliniella occidentalis: Current virus vector status and its management

Guo

Reitz

et al. 2019

Insect Science

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Western flower thrip, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), is among the most economically important agricultural pests globally, attacking a wide range of vegetable and horticultural crops. In addition to causing extensive crop damage, the species is notorious for vectoring destructive plant viruses, mainly belonging to the genera Orthotospovirus, Ilarvirus, Alphacarmovirus and Machlomovirus. Once infected by orthotospoviruses, thrips can remain virulent throughout their lifespan and continue transmitting viruses to host plants when and wherever they feed. These irruptive viral outbreaks in crops will permanently disrupt functional integrated pest management systems, and typically require a remedial treatment involving insecticides, contributing to further development of insecticide resistance. To mitigate against this continuing cycle, the most effective management is early and comprehensive surveillance of the pest species and recognition of plant viruses in the field. This review provides information on the pest status of F. occidentalis, discusses the current global status of the viruses vectored by this thrip species, examines the mechanisms involved in transmitting virus-induced diseases by thrips, and reviews different management strategies, highlighting the potential management tactics developed for various cropping systems. The early surveillance and the utilization of potential methods for control of both F. occidentalis and viruses are proposed.

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“…This strategy has been implemented to maintain a population of predatory mites, by introducing plants to supply pollen and lab reared mites as prey for the predatory mites when the thrips population in the glasshouse is low or totally absent [13]. Lacewings can be used in an IPM (Integrated Plant Management) system for F. occidentalis [41] including the use of colored traps lured with sex [42,43] or aggregation pheromones [44][45][46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Chrysoperla comanche (Banks) and Chrysoperla externa (Hagen) as Biological Control Agents of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) under Glasshouse Conditions

Luna-Espino

Jiménez‐Pérez

Castrejón-Gómez

2020

Insects

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We tested the predatory capacity of newly-hatched or newly-molted Chrysoperla comanche (Banks) and Chrysoperla externa (Hagen) larvae after a 24 h fasting period on adults of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) that were feeding on tomato plants (at vegetative and blooming stage) under glasshouse conditions. We also recorded fruit damage by the thrips. Both Chysoperla spp. depredated a similar number of F. occidentalis (thrips) adults regardless of the phenological stage of the plant. Second and third instar larvae of both species consumed significantly more thrips than first instar during plant blooming, however when the plant was at vegetative stage, all larval stages of both species predated a similar number of thrips. A significantly lower fruit damage percentage was recorded at the blooming plant when C. comanche larvae were in the experimental cage, however the presence of second and third instar of both species significantly reduced the fruit damage. No foliar damage was recorded. As far as we know, this is the first assessment of the predatory capacity of C. comanche and C. externa on thrips feeding on tomato under glasshouse conditions.

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The aggregation pheromones of thrips (Thysanoptera) and their potential for pest management

Cited by 47 publications

References 39 publications

Characterization of Male-Produced Aggregation Pheromone of the Bean Flower Thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

Characterization of Male-Produced Aggregation Pheromone of the Bean Flower Thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

A global invasion by the thrip, Frankliniella occidentalis: Current virus vector status and its management

Assessment of Chrysoperla comanche (Banks) and Chrysoperla externa (Hagen) as Biological Control Agents of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) under Glasshouse Conditions

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