The anti-inflammatory efficacy of dexamethasone is protected by (−)-epicatechin

Ruijters, Erik J.B.; Haenen, Guido R. M. M.; Weseler, Antje R.; Bast, Aalt

doi:10.1016/j.phanu.2014.04.001

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…GILZ is considered a resolution marker of the inflammatory process because it inhibits NF-κB [ 31 ]. Corroborating with our findings, it was demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory activity of DEX is associated with inhibition of COX-2 and NF-κB expression [ 18 ]. Srinivasan and colleagues have shown that GC enhances GILZ expression [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Effect of Dexamethasone-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles on Oral Mucositis Induced by 5-Fluorouracil

et al. 2021

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Oral mucositis (OM) is characterized by the presence of severe ulcers in the oral region that affects patients treated with chemotherapy. It occurs in almost all patients who receive radiotherapy of the head and neck, as well as patients who undergo hematopoietic cell transplantation. The pathophysiology of OM is complex, and there is no effective therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone-loaded poly(d,l-Lactic-co-glycolic) nanoparticles (PLGA-DEX NPs) on an OM model induced in hamsters. The NPs were synthesized using the emulsification-solvent evaporation method and were characterized by the size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, atomic force microscopy, physicochemical stability, and the in vitro release. The OM was induced by the administration of 5-FU on the first and second days and mechanical trauma on the 4th day of the experiment. PLGA-DEX NPs were administered to treat OM. The animals were euthanized on the 10th day. Macroscopic and histopathological analyses were performed, measurement of malonaldehyde (MDA) and ELISA was used to determine the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α. Immunoexpressions of NF-κB, COX-2, and TGF-β were determined by immunohistochemistry, and qRT-PCR was used to quantify the gene expression of the GILZ, MKP1, and NF-κB p65. The PLGA-DEX NPs (0.1 mg/kg) significantly reduced macroscopic and histopathological scores, decreased MDA, TNF-α and IL-1β levels, immunostaining for NF-κB, COX-2, TGF-β, and suppressed NF-κB p65 mRNA expression, but increased GILZ and MKP1 expression.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Recently, it was shown that dexamethasone (DEX) ameliorated OM induced by 5-FU [ 5 ]. This drug is an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid (GC) available for clinical use [ 18 ]. However, the use of GC is limited by adverse effects which are directly related to the dose used [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dexamethasone-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles on Oral Mucositis Induced by 5-Fluorouracil

et al. 2021

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“…Intriguingly, Candiracci, Justo, Castaño, Rodriguez‐Rodriguez, and Herrera reported that in the presence of the brown rice extracts, the expression IL‐6 mRNA was reduced whereas IL‐1β mRNA expression was unchanged. Furthermore, catechin supplementation, which comprises 35.1% of Yunlu29 PE, reduced IL‐6 and IL‐8 expression in murine aortic tissue and monocytes . These observations concur with the results reported in this study where IL‐6 and IL‐8 levels decreased and IL‐1β did not, indicating the presence of PE from rice immune‐modulate specific inflammatory pathways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Pigmented Rice‐Derived Phenolic Compounds Reduce Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Callcott

Blanchard

Oli

et al. 2018

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope Endothelial dysfunction pathogenesis is significantly associated with increased oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation. Rice‐derived phenolic compounds have been demonstrated to have antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory potential. This study aims to determine if phenolic extracts (PE) from pigmented rice varieties (Purple, Yunlu29–red, and Reiziq–brown) at varying concentrations modulate biomarkers of OS and inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells under induced OS conditions. Methods and results 2,7‐dichlorofluorescein diacetate and superoxide dismutase‐1 (SOD‐1) enzyme‐linked immuno‐sorbent assay quantification demonstrate that Purple PE significantly decreases reactive oxygen species and increases SOD‐1 by 27% and 226%, respectively. Yunlu29 PE (50 µg mL−1) is the most effective in reducing (p < 0.0001) interleukin‐8 (61%) and interleukin‐6 (57.2%). Yunlu29 (50 µg mL−1) reduces intracellular‐adhesion molecule‐1 (p < 0.0001) expression by 34%, followed by Reiziq (31.9%) and Purple (30.2%). Flow cytometric analysis demonstrates that vascular cell‐adhesion molecule‐1 expression is reduced (p < 0.0001) by 53.5% by Yunlu29 followed by Purple (46.8%) and Reiziq (46.7%). Yunlu29 is the most effective in reducing nuclear factor kappa‐B expression by 50.1%, followed by purple (48.8%) and Reiziq (38.6%). Conclusion This study indicates that colored rice PE may potentially target OS and inflammatory pathways associated with the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction.

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“…Conversely, HT might speculatively be beneficially used as medical food [33], i.e. as adjunct therapy of cardiovascular and other inflammationbased diseases [34] or to metabolic syndrome patients, pending confirmation by appropriate clinical trials [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-week administration of hydroxytyrosol to humans does not activate Phase II enzymes

Crespo

Tomé‐Carneiro

Burgos‐Ramos

et al. 2015

Pharmacological Research

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The notion that (poly)phenols act as direct free radical scavengers is being challenged by mere chemical and biochemical considerations such as bioavailability and intracellular concentrations. An alternative hypothesis that is gaining considerable traction is that (poly)phenols are processed by the body as xenobiotics via the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling axis, leading to the induction of Phase II enzymes. However, there are no solid human data to confirm this interesting supposition. In this study, we tested the activities of hydroxytyrosol (HT) on Phase II enzymes' expression in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. We tested two HT doses, i.e. 5 and 25mg/d, vs. placebo following a Latin square design. We report that HT is well tolerated but does not significantly modify Phase II enzyme expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Moreover, we were unable to record significant effects on a variety of surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease such as lipid profile and inflammation and oxidation markers. Available evidence indicates that the "hormesis hypothesis" that (poly)phenols activate Phase II enzymes requires solid human confirmation that might be provided by future trials. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT02273622).

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The anti-inflammatory efficacy of dexamethasone is protected by (−)-epicatechin

Cited by 13 publications

References 33 publications

Effect of Dexamethasone-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles on Oral Mucositis Induced by 5-Fluorouracil

Effect of Dexamethasone-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles on Oral Mucositis Induced by 5-Fluorouracil

Pigmented Rice‐Derived Phenolic Compounds Reduce Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

One-week administration of hydroxytyrosol to humans does not activate Phase II enzymes

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