The antimicrobial activity of Azadirachta indica, Mimusops elengi, Tinospora cardifolia, Ocimum sanctum and 2% chlorhexidine gluconate on common endodontic pathogens: An in vitro study

Abstract

Objective:To check the antimicrobial activity of Azadirachta indica (Neem), Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi), Mimusops elelngi (Bakul), Tinospora cardifolia (Giloy) and Chlorhexidine Gluconate (CHX) on common endodontic pathogens like Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis and staphylococcus aureus.Materials and Methods:The agar diffusion test was used to check the antimicrobial activity of the Methanolic extracts of the medicinal plants along with CHX. Six different concentrations of the tested agents were used for the study. The values of Zone of Inhibition were tabulated according to the concentration of the tested agent and data was statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Bonferroni post- hoc tests. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations (MBC) values were also recorded.Results:All the plants extracts showed considerable antimicrobial activity against selected endodontic pathogens. At 3mg. concentration, O.sanctum was the most effective against S. mutans, M. elengi showed highest zone of inhibition against E.faecalis, whereas CHX was the most effective agent against S.aureus. CHX was also the most consistent of all the medicaments testes, showing inhibitory effect against all the tree pathogens at all the selected concentrations.Conclusions:The Methanolic extract of A.Indica, O.sanctum, M. Elengi, T.cardifolia and Chlorhexidine Gluconate has considerable antimicrobial activity against S. mutans, E. faecalis and S. aureus.

Antimicrobial Activity of Endodontic Medicaments and Vehicles using Agar Well Diffusion Method on Facultative and Obligate Anaerobes

“…Similar results were observed by Mistry et al, 26 i.e., < 0.0625% of chlorhexidine against facultative anaerobes but in case of E. faecalis, our study shows higher values though the standard strain of E. faecalis is the same and the MIC also has been determined in both the studies by broth dilution technique. Strict anaerobes, e.g., P. gingivalis as in our study were most susceptible to chlorhexidine without the vehicles, which is contrary to the findings of Filho et al 20 Chlorhexidine when studied with vehicles by agar well diffusion method showed lesser zones of inhibition of P. gingivalis as compared to other microbes due to being more effective against Gram-positive organisms than Gram-negative.…”

The properties of gelatin film‐neem extract and its effectiveness for preserving minced beef

“…It has been reported that neem has various functional properties, such as killing microbes, being an anti‐inflammatory, preventing cancer, and preventing hypertension . Many studies have found that extract from neem leaves has shown high antioxidant activity because of its active compounds such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and limonoids …”

Inhibition of Growth, Biofilm and Lecithinase of E. coli by Extract of Neem Leaves (Azadirachta indica)

“…Neem has documented antimicrobial properties, and can be effective against microbes like Leishmania donovani, against which it also has immunomodulatory action (8). It also has marked acivity against Enterococcus fecalis and S. aureus (9). In our study it was shown that it has anti-E.coli activity and can suppress growth, lecithinase and biofulm formation by the bacterium.…”