The Antioxidant Polysaccharide from Semiaquilegia adoxoides (DC.) Makino Adjusts the Immune Response of Mice Infected by Bacteria

Abstract

Semiaquilegia adoxoides (DC.) Makino is a herbal medicine and it is recorded that its water extract can be used to treat acute diseases caused by bacterial infections. In order to understand the polysaccharide of Semiaquilegia adoxoides (DC.) Makino (SMP), FT-IR and HPLC methods were performed to determine the basic chemical structure and monosaccharide compositions of SMP. The antioxidant capacity of SMP was analyzed by monitoring both the scavenging rate of DPPH and ABTS free radical. To investigate the effects of SMP on the acute bacterial disease, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of SMP on E. coli or S. aureus were detected; meanwhile, mice were administrated with SMP for 7 days and then infected with E. coli or S. aureus, and the parameters were measured at the 9th day. Results showed that SMP was a furanose which was mainly composed of glucose (60.3%) and had certain antioxidant activities. Both MIC values of SMP on E. coli and S. aureus were 250 ml/mL, which means that SMP has no direct antibacterial effects. The mice experiments revealed that SMP had potential effects on immunomodulatory by reducing WBC and the expression of serum IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α and increasing IgM of E. coli or S. aureus infected mice. These findings supported the effect of Semiaquilegia adoxoides (DC.) Makino in folk use with scientific evidence.

Transcriptomic Analysis of Drug-Resistance Acinetobacter baumannii under the Stress Condition Caused by Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil via RNA Sequencing

“…Every drug solution was two-fold diluted in TSB and equally mixed with 100 μL A. baumannii 17 TSB suspensions (10 4 CFU/mL) respectively in a 96-well microtiter plate. After stationary culture at 37 °C for 24 h, MIC values were judged by no visible growth of A. baumannii of broth in wells [ 20 ]. This test was repeated three times.…”

Transcriptomic Analysis of Staphylococcus aureus Under the Stress Condition Caused by Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil via RNA Sequencing

“…All tubes (13 × 100 mm) contained 1.75 mL LCEO solution and 1.75 mL of diluted S. aureus 29213 inoculum (approximately 10 4 CFU/mL), with a final concentration of LCEO solution of 71.4, 35.7, 17.8, 8.9, 4.5, 2.2, 1.1, 0.56, 0.28, 0.014, 0.070, and 0.035 μL/mL. After incubation at 37°C for 24 h, MICs were measured by visual inspection of the turbidity of broth in tubes ( Yang et al, 2020 ). That is to say, if the test tube was still clear and transparent (un-cloudy) after incubation, the cells cannot grow at that concentration and then the MIC value was obtained.…”