The application of electroanalytical methods to determine affinity series of metal cations for functional biosorbent groups

Cellulose derivatives crosslinked by citric acid on electrode surface as a heavy metal absorption/sensing matrix

“…Their heights, acquired from the solutions without any interfering metals, reached only 43.2% (Cd) and 3.4% (Cu) of Pb peak height, even though the molar concentration of both Cd (178 iM) and Cu (315 iM) was higher than of Pb (96 iM). This fact most probably reflects the different absorption rate of metal cations to the polysaccharide matrix, in accordance with previously reported results [28]. The presence of either Cd, Cu and Cd + Cu (all 20 mg L-1) decreased the Pb stripping peak height, namely by 36.2%, 56.5% and 52.9%, respectively.…”

“…Wong et al observed increased Pb and Cu absorption capacity upon modification of rice husk by tartaric acid, compared to citric acid [24], but other authors claimed that CA modification provides better results compared to other polyvalent acids [25][26][27]. Wierzba et al [28] have focused on the ion exchange process and have indirectly determined the number of cations absorbed in a biomass-based matrix by measurement of the H + ions released from the sorbent.…”

Comparative study of lignocellulosic biomass and its components as electrode modifiers for detection of lead and copper ions

“…The problem arises from the affinity of functional biosorbent groups for metal cations. Previous research on affinity series of metal cations [28] showed that biosorbents have a higher affinity toward lead ions than for copper ions. Furthermore, the adsorption capacity of most of biosorbents is higher for lead ions than for copper ions [29].…”

Role of calcium carbonate in the process of heavy metal biosorption from solutions: synergy of metal removal mechanisms

“…Tests were also carried out on protonated brewer's spent grain (P-BSG). For this purpose, BSG was conditioned for 60 min in HCl solution (0.03 mol L −1 ) 45 . After conditioning, BSG was repeatedly rinsed with demineralized water until a stable pH of water was obtained in which it was immersed and then dried for about 24 h at 323 K. Conditioning in HCl solution is the stage of BSG regeneration for reuse in the sorption process 38 .…”