The application of saturating inductors for improving the performance of the CERN PS kicker systems

Wait, G.D.; Barnes, Michael; Metzmacher, K D; Sermeus, L.

doi:10.1109/pac.1997.750017

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Although the saturating inductor concept has been used to improve the electrical performance of kicker magnets [55,58,59], to the authors knowledge it has not been previously used to mitigate beam coupling impedance in a kicker magnet. The PSB impedance model has been modified to include the effect of a saturating inductor of 25 μH.…”

Section: E Saturating Inductormentioning

confidence: 99%

Source of horizontal instability at the CERN Proton Synchrotron Booster

Koukovini-Platia

Barnes

Bartosik

et al. 2019

Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams

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The CERN Proton Synchrotron Booster (PSB) has been known to suffer from horizontal instabilities since its early operation in the 1970s. These instabilities appear at specific beam energies and range of working points. The source of the instability and the reason why the instabilities appear at specific energies remained unidentified. However, in routine operation, the instabilities have not been limiting the PSB performance reach thanks to the use of a horizontal feedback system, which can suppress their onset for all beam intensities needed in the PSB. Recently, the interest in these instabilities has been revived by the ongoing LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) program, as well as, the Physics Beyond Colliders (PBC) study group. In fact, the PSB is being upgraded to a new energy range and higher beam intensities will be requested in future operation. To ensure that these instabilities will not limit the PSB performance in the future parameter range, a systematic characterization has been carried out through several measurements and models. At fixed energy, the dependence of the instability on the working point has been fully studied experimentally. Macroparticle simulations and analytical modeling have been applied to explain the measurements, suggesting that the main driving term behind these instabilities is the unmatched termination of the PSB extraction kickers. Analytical studies also explained for the first time why the instability appears at specific energies in the PSB cycle and showed that no other instability is expected above 1.4 GeV. Finally, the hypothesis on the main instability driving term has been verified experimentally by performing measurements with the kicker terminations temporarily matched. In this configuration, no sign of instability was observed and the extraction kicker could be unambiguously identified as the source of the instability. Some options to permanently suppress the source of the instability are proposed.

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Section: E Saturating Inductormentioning

confidence: 99%

Source of horizontal instability at the CERN Proton Synchrotron Booster

Koukovini-Platia

Barnes

Bartosik

et al. 2019

Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams

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“…A set of ferrite rings is used as saturable inductors [11], [12]. With a peak bunched beam current of 52 A in the accumulator ring, the ferrite rings shall be large enough to provide high inductance during beam circulation.…”

Section: B Repetitive Pulsed Power Generator Main Schematicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the Repetitive Pulsed Power System for Spallation Neutron Source Beam Extraction Fast Kicker

Zhang

Sandberg

Cutler³

et al. 2004

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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The spallation neutron source (SNS) is a next-generation high-intensity beam facility. The extraction kicker system is a high peak power, high average power, high-precision pulse-waveform, low beam impedance, and high repetition rate pulsed power system. It has been successfully designed and developed at Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY. The system consists of fourteen extraction magnet sections inside the ring vacuum chamber and fourteen identical high-voltage modulators located in the service building. The design features a Blumlein pulse-forming-network (PFN) based topology, a low beam impedance termination, a fast current switching thyratron, and low inductance capacitor banks. It has a maximum charging voltage of 50 kV, an open circuit output of 100 kV, and a designed maximum pulsed current output of 4 kA per modulator. The overall system output will reach multiple GW peak power with a 60 pulse/s repetition rate. A prototype modulator has been successfully built and tested well above the SNS requirement. The first batch of production modulators have passed all required tests at manufacture facility and delivered to Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, and the rest of the production units are under construction. The technical challenges and development results are presented in this paper.Index Terms-Accelerator power supplies, particle beam extraction, proton accelerators, pulse power systems.

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“…Systems with short magnets and relatively high impedance are sensitive to this current, which contributes to the start of the field before the main rising edge. Studies carried out at TRIUMF show that saturable inductors are also very efficient to suppress the displacement current [5] and suggest installing them as close as possible to the magnet input. As example, CERN has used this technique for the upgrade of the PS injection and Booster recombination kickers KFA10 [6,7], ANL for the IPNS extraction kicker [8] and BNL for the SNS extraction systems [9].…”

Section: Optimising the Rise Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Advances of Transmission Line Kicker Magnets

Ducimetière

Proceedings of the 2005 Particle Accelerator Conference

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Fast pulsed magnets or kickers are widely used in circular accelerators for injection, fast extraction and beam excitation. As from the early 60's transmission line type kicker magnets have been employed to produce rectangular field pulses with good rise time. Over some 40 years this technology has evolved with the rising requirements. While the necessary kick strength has increased with the particle beam energy the strive for efficiency has pushed developments towards lower impedance systems and/or short circuited magnets. The flat top ripple is constrained by the maximally tolerable beam oscillation. The beam intensity can impose a screening of the magnet yoke. The most advanced features implemented in recent transmission line kicker magnets are reviewed and illustrated with examples from different laboratories.

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The application of saturating inductors for improving the performance of the CERN PS kicker systems

Cited by 7 publications

References 3 publications

Source of horizontal instability at the CERN Proton Synchrotron Booster

Source of horizontal instability at the CERN Proton Synchrotron Booster

Development of the Repetitive Pulsed Power System for Spallation Neutron Source Beam Extraction Fast Kicker

Advances of Transmission Line Kicker Magnets

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