The association between childhood adversities and subsequent first onset of psychotic experiences: a cross-national analysis of 23 998 respondents from 17 countries

McGrath, John J.; McLaughlin, Katie A.; Saha, Sukanta; Aguilar‐Gaxiola, Sergio; Al‐Hamzawi, Ali; Alonso, Jordi; Bruffærts, Ronny; Girolamo, Giovanni de; Jonge, Peter de; Esan, Oluyomi; Florescu, Silvia; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep María; Hu, Chiyi; Karam, Elie G.; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane; Lee, S.; Lépine, Jean‐Pierre; Lim, Carmen C W; Medina‐Mora, María Elena; Mneimneh, Zeina; Pennell, Beth Ellen; Piazza, Marina; Posada‐Villa, José; Sampson, Nancy A.; Viana, María Carmen; Xavier, Miguel; Bromet, Evelyn J.; Kendler, Kenneth S.; Kessler, Ronald C.

doi:10.1017/s0033291716003263

Cited by 121 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 68 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

117

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…We constructed multivariable models that included a comprehensive list of 29 traumatic event types, and incorporated number of traumatic events per person, as well as interactive models. Similar to our earlier analysis of childhood adversities and psychotic experience onsets, 2 we found that not all traumatic events had equivalent associations with subsequent first onset of psychotic experiences. For example, in the marginal effect model (model 4), we found that only 12 of the 29 traumatic event types were associated with an increased risk of subsequent psychotic experiences.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…In keeping with previous studies of psychotic experiences, 2,6,12 we made the a priori decision to exclude individuals reporting psychotic experiences who screened positive for possible schizophrenia/psychosis and manic depression/mania (i.e. respondents who were either told by a doctor that their psychotic experiences were caused by these conditions or who were treated with antipsychotic medications for these symptoms).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Trauma and psychotic experiences: transnational data from the World Mental Health Survey

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Traumatic events are associated with increased risk of psychotic experiences, but it is unclear whether this association is explained by mental disorders prior to psychotic experience onset. Aims To investigate the associations between traumatic events and subsequent psychotic experience onset after adjusting for post-traumatic stress disorder and other mental disorders. Method We assessed 29 traumatic event types and psychotic experiences from the World Mental Health surveys and examined the associations of traumatic events with subsequent psychotic experience onset with and without adjustments for mental disorders. Results Respondents with any traumatic events had three times the odds of other respondents of subsequently developing psychotic experiences (OR=3.1, 95% CI 2.7–3.7), with variability in strength of association across traumatic event types. These associations persisted after adjustment for mental disorders. Conclusions Exposure to traumatic events predicts subsequent onset of psychotic experiences even after adjusting for comorbid mental disorders.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trauma and psychotic experiences: transnational data from the World Mental Health Survey

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Full details are given in several WMH publications including two recent papers on PEs. 9,22 Clinical reappraisal studies indicate that lifetime diagnoses based on the CIDI have good concordance with diagnoses based on blinded clinical interviews. 23 In keeping with our previous research, standardised diagnostic hierarchy rules among the disorders assessed were applied where appropriate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Psychotic Experiences and Subsequent Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IMPORTANCE Community-based studies have linked psychotic experiences (PEs) with increased risks of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs). However, it is not known if these associations vary across the life-course or if mental disorders (antecedent to the STBs) contribute to these associations. OBJECTIVE To examine the temporal association between PEs and subsequent STBs across the life span as well as the influence of mental disorders (antecedent to the STBs) on these associations. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 33,370 adult respondents across 19 countries from the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys were assessed for PEs, STBs (ideation, plans, and attempts), and 21 DSM-IV mental disorders. Discrete-time survival analysis was used to investigate the associations of PEs with subsequent onsets of STBs. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Prevalence and frequency of STBs with PEs, and odds ratios and 95%CIs. Results Of 33 370 included participants, among those with PEs (n = 2488), the lifetime prevalence (SE) of suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts was 28.5%(1.3), 10.8%(0.7), and 10.2%(0.7), respectively. Respondents with 1 or more PEs had 2-fold increased odds of subsequent STBs after adjusting for antecedent or intervening mental disorders (suicidal ideation: odds ratio, 2.2; 95%CI, 1.8-2.6; suicide plans: odds ratio, 2.1; 95%CI, 1.7-2.6; and suicide attempts: odds ratio, 1.9; 95%CI, 1.5-2.5). There were significant dose-response relationships of number of PE types with subsequent STBs that persisted after adjustment for mental disorders. Although PEs were significant predictors of subsequent STB onset across all life stages, associations were strongest in individuals 12 years and younger. After adjustment for antecedent mental disorders, the overall population attributable risk proportions for lifetime suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts associated with temporally prior PEs were 5.3%, 5.7%, and 4.8%, respectively. Conclusions PEs are associated with elevated odds of subsequent STBs across the life-course that cannot be explained by antecedent mental disorders. These results highlight the importance of including information about PEs in screening instruments designed to predict STBs.

show abstract

“…Early life traumatic stressful events (TSEs) are associated with increased rates of psychopathology, above and beyond posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; Heim & Nemeroff, 2001;Lowe et al, 2017;McGrath et al, 2017;McLaughlin et al, 2012;Teicher, Tomoda, & Andersen, 2006). TSEs are also associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD; Boudreaux, Kilpatrick, Resnick, Best, & Saunders, 1998;Briggs & Price, 2009;De Silva & Marks, 1999;Gothelf, Aharonovsky, Horesh, Carty, & Apter, 2004;Lochner et al, 2002;Ojserkis, McKay, & Lebeaut, 2018), with rates as high as 50-70% of patients experiencing OCD symptoms following a TSE (Sadock, Sadock, & Ruiz, 2015), and with increased severity of OCD symptoms in people with a history of trauma exposure (Cromer, Schmidt, & Murphy, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between early‐life trauma and obsessive compulsive symptoms in community youth

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) in youth are common, have heterogeneous manifestations, and have been shown to be associated with serious psychopathology. While early-life trauma exposure is associated with increased risk for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), its association with different OCS and its clinical relevance for serious psychopathology is unclear. Here we aimed to evaluate associations among traumatic stressful events (TSE), OCS, and serious psychiatric conditions in community youth. Methods:We studied nonmental-help seeking youths from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort (N = 7054, aged 11-21, 54% females, 52% prepubertal), assessed for lifetime TSE exposure and OCS. Regression models investigated crosssectional associations of TSEs with OCS, and associations with depression, suicide ideation and psychosis. Models examined sex and puberty effects, controlling for age and socioeconomic status.Results: Trauma exposure was associated with higher OCS rates, especially in females (Trauma × Sex interaction Wald = 7.93, p = 0.005) and prepuberty (Trauma × Puberty interaction Wald = 7.68, p = 0.006). TSEs were associated with all OCS manifestations, most prominently with bad intrusive thoughts (odds ratio [OR] = 1.63). Assaultive TSEs, especially sexual assault, showed stronger associations with OCS compared with nonassaultive TSEs. While TSEs and OCS were independently associated with depression, suicide ideation, and psychosis, a significant interaction was observed only in association with increased rates of psychosis (Trauma × OCS interaction Wald = 5.08, p = 0.024). Conclusion:Early-life trauma is associated with OCS in a dose-response manner, more so in females and prepuberty. The trauma-OCS association varied by load, type of trauma, and by OCS subtypes. Trauma-OCS appears a detrimental combination in association with psychosis. K E Y W O R D S child/adolescent, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, stress, suicide, trauma Depress Anxiety. 2019;36:586-595. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/da 586 |

show abstract

The association between childhood adversities and subsequent first onset of psychotic experiences: a cross-national analysis of 23 998 respondents from 17 countries

Cited by 121 publications

References 68 publications

Trauma and psychotic experiences: transnational data from the World Mental Health Survey

Trauma and psychotic experiences: transnational data from the World Mental Health Survey

Association Between Psychotic Experiences and Subsequent Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors

Association between early‐life trauma and obsessive compulsive symptoms in community youth

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About