The Behavior of Water in Molten Salts

Abstract

resultant films do not have power conversion efficiencies as large as those obtained for films prepared from other electrodeposition processes. For this process strict control of potential and solution composition is not required to deposit films having Cd/Se ratios close to 1.0. The films are less dense than those prepared using selenosulfite (3c). The bandgap of the film is dependent on the annealing temperature with the minimum bandgap occurring at 350~ or above. On the other hand, the maximum power conversion efficiency requires annealing temperatures of at least 500~ AcknowledgmentThis research was supported in part by a grant to M. C. from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. We thank Dr. R. T. Oakley for making us aware of phosphine selenides.

Gas Electrode Reactions in Molten Carbonate Media: IV . Electrode Kinetics and Mechanism of Hydrogen Oxidation in Eutectic

“…Hydrogen oxidation in molten carbonates is an important process in the development of molten carbonate fuel cells. It has received renewed attention recently with respect to electrode kinetics (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6) and reaction mechanisms (1,(3)(4)(5)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11), because extensive work is needed to improve anode efficiency and prevent performance degradation. Aug and Sammells obtained kinetic parameters, including the exchange current density, for nickel and cobalt electrodes in (Li + K)CO3, (Li + Na)CO3, and (Li + Na + K)CO3 melts by using a potential step method (1).…”

“…The reaction mechanism of hydrogen oxidation has been discussed recently, taking into account the adsorption step of the hydrogen molecule on the metal surface (1,(3)(4)(5)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). However, one finds conflicting conclusions about the stoichiometric number (v) and the reaction products of hydrogen oxidation, Ang and Sammells (1) and Lu and Selman (3) consider the stoichiometric number to be v = 1 and the reaction product to be H20.…”

Solar Steam Gasification of Cellulose in a Molten Alkali Salt: Salt Chemistry and Reactor Performance

“…The reactions between C, CH 4 , and the salt involve oxygen exchange, and thus there is no net change in the salt if oxygen is provided with stoichiometric oxidizer ratios equal to or greater than unity . The reaction of water and carbonate ions, however, can effect a net change by producing hydroxide and bicarbonate ions …”

“…34 The reaction of water and carbonate ions, however, can effect a net change by producing hydroxide and bicarbonate ions. 35…”

The effects of oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapor on reprocessing silicon carbide inert matrix fuels by corrosion in molten potassium carbonate

“…In contrast, the change of the reaction rate with a higher H 2 O molar percent was significant as a function of time. It has been reported that water vapor can dissolve in the molten carbonates to generate potassium bicarbonate (KHCO 3 ), potassium hydroxide (KOH) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) [18]:…”