The biodiversity of Aspergillus section Flavi in brazil nuts: From rainforest to consumer

Calderari, Thaiane Ortolan; Iamanaka, Beatriz Thie; Frisvad, Jens Christian; Pitt, John I.; Sartori, Daniele; Pereira, J.L.R.; Fungaro, Maria Helena Pelegrinelli; Taniwaki, Marta Hiromi

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.10.018

Cited by 53 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The frequency we observed of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus section Flavi species from Brazil nut shell material confirmed recent reports that A. nomius and A. flavus are abundant species on Brazil nut across production areas in the Brazilian Amazonian region [14,32]. In our study, these two species represented over 85% of all Aspergillus species isolated.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…As Brazil nut is an extractivist crop, with aflatoxigenic species occurring throughout the production chain [32,37], safe production is dependent upon identification of CCPs and subsequent implementation of detection methods at these points. The mitochondrial genome is an attractive molecule for application in fungal taxonomy and systematics, with a rapid rate of evolution and limited genetic recombination [38,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Aspergillus species on Brazil nut from the Brazilian Amazonian region and development of a PCR assay for identification at the genus level

et al. 2014

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BackgroundBrazil nut is a protein-rich extractivist tree crop in the Amazon region. Fungal contamination of shells and kernel material frequently includes the presence of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus species from the section Flavi. Aflatoxins are polyketide secondary metabolites, which are hepatotoxic carcinogens in mammals. The objectives of this study were to identify Aspergillus species occurring on Brazil nut grown in different states in the Brazilian Amazon region and develop a specific PCR method for collective identification of member species of the genus Aspergillus.ResultsPolyphasic identification of 137 Aspergillus strains isolated from Brazil nut shell material from cooperatives across the Brazilian Amazon states of Acre, Amapá and Amazonas revealed five species, with Aspergillus section Flavi species A. nomius and A. flavus the most abundant. PCR primers ASP_GEN_MTSSU_F1 and ASP_GEN_MTSSU_R1 were designed for the genus Aspergillus, targeting a portion of the mitochondrial small subunit ribosomal RNA gene. Primer specificity was validated through both electronic PCR against target gene sequences at Genbank and in PCR reactions against DNA from Aspergillus species and other fungal genera common on Brazil nut. Collective differentiation of the observed section Flavi species A. flavus, A. nomius and A. tamarii from other Aspergillus species was possible on the basis of RFLP polymorphism.ConclusionsGiven the abundance of Aspergillus section Flavi species A. nomius and A. flavus observed on Brazil nut, and associated risk of mycotoxin accumulation, simple identification methods for such mycotoxigenic species are of importance for Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point system implementation. The assay for the genus Aspergillus represents progress towards specific PCR identification and detection of mycotoxigenic species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Aspergillus species on Brazil nut from the Brazilian Amazonian region and development of a PCR assay for identification at the genus level

et al. 2014

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“…This species was originally isolated from mouldy wheat in the USA, and later from various substrates in India, Japan and Thailand. Recently, Olsen et al [26] and several other authors have observed that A. nomius is an important producer of aflatoxins in Brazil nuts [2,5,14,33], on cocoa [7], almond [17], Indonesian nutmegs [25], maize, rice, black beans and cassava from Thailand [29,30], and from various soil samples in Thailand, Iran and Japan [11,20,32]. It was also identified in house dust samples from Mexico [43].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Identification ofAspergillusspecies in Central Europe able to produce G-type aflatoxins

Baranyi¹,

Despot²,

Palágyi³

et al. 2015

Acta Biologica Hungarica

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The occurrence of potential aflatoxin producing fungi was examined in various agricultural products and indoor air in Central European countries including Hungary, Serbia and Croatia. For species identification, both morphological and sequence based methods were applied. Aspergillus flavus was detected in several samples including maize, cheese, nuts, spices and indoor air, and several isolates were able to produce aflatoxins. Besides, three other species of Aspergillus section Flavi, A. nomius, A. pseudonomius and A. parasiticus were also isolated from cheese, maize and indoor air, respectively. This is the first report on the occurrence of A. nomius and A. pseudonomius in Central Europe. All A. nomius, A. pseudonomius and A. parasiticus isolates were able to produce aflatoxins B 1 , B 2 , G 1 and G 2 . The A. nomius isolate came from cheese produced very high amounts of aflatoxins (above 1 mg ml -1 ). All A. nomius, A. pseudonomius and A. parasiticus isolates produced much higher amounts of aflatoxin G 1 then aflatoxin B 1 . Further studies are in progress to examine the occurrence of producers of these highly carcinogenic mycotoxins in agricultural products and indoor air in Central Europe.

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“…bombycis, A. parvisclerotigenus, A. pseudotamarii, e A. toxicarius (ITO et al, 2001;SAMSON;HONG;FRISVAD, 2006;PILDAIN et al, 2008;CALDERARI et al, 2013).…”

Section: Micotoxinasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Um limite de segurança na umidade de 13% a 15% é recomendado pelo Codex Alimentarius, ou atividade de água menor do que 0,70 (CODEX ALIMENTARIUS COMMISSION, 2006;. Portanto, quando as condições de armazenamento nas processadoras de castanhas não forem satisfatórias poderá ocorrer a produção destas toxinas (SCUSSEL, 1998;BAQUIÃO et al, 2012;CALDERARI et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efeito das etapas de processamento sobre a qualidade de castanhas-do-brasil (Bertholletia excelsa, H.B.K.): avaliação da fração lipídica e contaminação por aflatoxinas

Silva¹

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The biodiversity of Aspergillus section Flavi in brazil nuts: From rainforest to consumer

Cited by 53 publications

References 16 publications

Characterization of Aspergillus species on Brazil nut from the Brazilian Amazonian region and development of a PCR assay for identification at the genus level

Characterization of Aspergillus species on Brazil nut from the Brazilian Amazonian region and development of a PCR assay for identification at the genus level

Identification ofAspergillusspecies in Central Europe able to produce G-type aflatoxins

Efeito das etapas de processamento sobre a qualidade de castanhas-do-brasil (Bertholletia excelsa, H.B.K.): avaliação da fração lipídica e contaminação por aflatoxinas

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