“…The remains include parts of many buildings in Areas A, B, and D, as well as a few walls and an installation in Area C. City walls, that on the basis of both direct and circumstantial evidence functioned in this period, were unearthed in Areas C and D, and probably also B (where its dating is less secure). Among the major finds from this period is a large “four-room” residency unearthed at the top of the mound (Building 101), in Area A, and interpreted as the “governor’s residency” (Faust and Katz 2017; Faust et al 2017) (Figures 3 and 4). Figure 2Plan of Tel ‘Eton, with excavation areas marked.Figure 3Composite aerial photograph of Area A, showing Building 101.…”
Section: Tel ‘Eton: Backgroundmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Building 101 was excavated in the course of 10 seasons (2006–2015), and was unearthed in an excellent state of preservation—the walls were typically still standing to 1–1.5 m height, and hundreds of vessels and artifacts, as well as botanical material and other finds were unearthed (more below). Excavations were slow, the debris were completely sifted, all sherds (including body sherds) were registered, large segments of the floors were excavated using a 20×20 cm grid, and much of them were collected for further study (Faust 2011; Faust and Katz 2017; Faust et al 2017).…”
ABSTRACT. The "governor's residency" at Tel 'Eton was destroyed in the late 8th century BCE in an Assyrian military campaign. While the numerous finds enable a detailed reconstruction of life on the eve of the destruction, this elite house was cleaned continuously, and since no floor raisings were identified, little was known of the building's period of use. Radiocarbon ( 14 C) samples taken from within a foundation deposit and from the floor make-up, however, indicate that the earliest phase of the residency was built in the late 11th-10th century BCE. This has bearings on the date in which social complexity evolved in Judah, on the debate regarding the historicity of the kingdom of David and Solomon, and it also provides the earliest date for the use of ashlar stones in Judah. Finally, the long life of the "governor's residency" exemplifies a little addressed phenomenon-the old-house effect-in which buildings and settlements existed for a few centuries, but only left significant remains from their last phase. The earlier phases are hardly represented in the finds, barely studied, and rarely published. We suggest that the old-house effect influences archaeological interpretations worldwide, and is also responsible for recent attempts to down-date social complexity in Judah.
“…The remains include parts of many buildings in Areas A, B, and D, as well as a few walls and an installation in Area C. City walls, that on the basis of both direct and circumstantial evidence functioned in this period, were unearthed in Areas C and D, and probably also B (where its dating is less secure). Among the major finds from this period is a large “four-room” residency unearthed at the top of the mound (Building 101), in Area A, and interpreted as the “governor’s residency” (Faust and Katz 2017; Faust et al 2017) (Figures 3 and 4). Figure 2Plan of Tel ‘Eton, with excavation areas marked.Figure 3Composite aerial photograph of Area A, showing Building 101.…”
Section: Tel ‘Eton: Backgroundmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Building 101 was excavated in the course of 10 seasons (2006–2015), and was unearthed in an excellent state of preservation—the walls were typically still standing to 1–1.5 m height, and hundreds of vessels and artifacts, as well as botanical material and other finds were unearthed (more below). Excavations were slow, the debris were completely sifted, all sherds (including body sherds) were registered, large segments of the floors were excavated using a 20×20 cm grid, and much of them were collected for further study (Faust 2011; Faust and Katz 2017; Faust et al 2017).…”
ABSTRACT. The "governor's residency" at Tel 'Eton was destroyed in the late 8th century BCE in an Assyrian military campaign. While the numerous finds enable a detailed reconstruction of life on the eve of the destruction, this elite house was cleaned continuously, and since no floor raisings were identified, little was known of the building's period of use. Radiocarbon ( 14 C) samples taken from within a foundation deposit and from the floor make-up, however, indicate that the earliest phase of the residency was built in the late 11th-10th century BCE. This has bearings on the date in which social complexity evolved in Judah, on the debate regarding the historicity of the kingdom of David and Solomon, and it also provides the earliest date for the use of ashlar stones in Judah. Finally, the long life of the "governor's residency" exemplifies a little addressed phenomenon-the old-house effect-in which buildings and settlements existed for a few centuries, but only left significant remains from their last phase. The earlier phases are hardly represented in the finds, barely studied, and rarely published. We suggest that the old-house effect influences archaeological interpretations worldwide, and is also responsible for recent attempts to down-date social complexity in Judah.
“…As charred seeds were discovered in many other parts of the building, including nearby Room 101D, where grapes, olives, lentils and other produce were found inside ceramic storage vessels or on the floor (Faust et al . ), the complete absence of seeds from Room 101C seems to indicate that the dozens of storage vessels unearthed here were not used to store botanical material. However, an initial examination of the content of some of the vessels has shown that they contained organic material, suggesting that liquids were probably stored in Room 101C.…”
Section: Structure 101 At Tel ‘Etonmentioning
confidence: 91%
“…; Faust et al . ). At the time of its destruction, the building's ground floor was composed of eight rooms, opening into a large courtyard divided by low partition walls.…”
Section: Structure 101 At Tel ‘Etonmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…The northern sector was used mainly for storage (Faust and Katz ; ; Faust et al . ), and two funnels (Figs. :1–2, Fig.…”
Summary
Although literally hundreds of houses have been excavated in the southern Levant, it is not easy to use them to study past spatial activities. While modern excavations allow high‐resolution reconstructions, due to the costs involved only a limited number of houses are excavated nowadays in their entirety; the recording of the hundreds of houses excavated until the 1960s was partial and much of the material (e.g. botanical remains, bones, charred material, etc.) was not even collected. Some of the older reports recorded the distribution of macro‐artefacts, mainly pottery, and a concentration of storage vessels, for example, may indicate that a room was used for storage. The products stored, however, cannot usually be determined. This article suggests that the volumes and forms of funnels may indicate whether they funnelled dry products, liquids or precious fluids, and can therefore be used to identify specialized activities even from reports of older excavations, when other lines of evidence are lacking.
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