The choice of principal variables for computing the Physical Quality of Life Index

Ogwang, Tomson

doi:10.3233/jem-1997-23303

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Prior research has shown the adequacy of this method to build composite indices (Krishnakumar and Nagar 2008). Furthermore, the PCA has been used in many cases for the construction of composite indices, including Lai (2000Lai ( , 2003, Quadrado et al (2001), Ogwang and Abdou (2003), Bellido et al (2011), andJemmali andSullivan (2014).…”

Section: The National Work-life Balance Indexómentioning

confidence: 98%

The National Work–Life Balance Index©: The European Case

2015

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Section: The National Work-life Balance Indexómentioning

confidence: 98%

The National Work–Life Balance Index©: The European Case

2015

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“… 4 Some prior studies of gender inequality rely on summary measures of gender inequality such as the gender empowerment index (GEM) or the gender-related development index (GDI) (Apodaca 1998; Dijkstra 2002; Ogwang and Abdou 2003; United Nations 2003), but the GEM and GDI have been criticized on theoretical and technical grounds (Bardhan and Klasen 1999Bardhan and Klasen 2000; Charmes and Wieringa 2003). In addition, gender inequality is multidimensional (Bradley and Khor 1993; Mason 1986), and these dimensions do not always move in tandem, nor do the dimensions necessarily respond to the same causes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Trends in Global Gender Inequality

2010

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This study investigates trends in gender inequality for the world as a whole. Using data encompassing a large majority of the world's population, we examine world trends over recent decades for key indicators of gender inequality in education, mortality, political representation, and economic activity. We find that gender inequality is declining in virtually all major domains, that the decline is occurring across diverse religious and cultural traditions, and that population growth is slowing the decline because populations are growing faster in countries where there is the greatest gender inequality.This study investigates whether, globally, women and men are converging or diverging with respect to key dimensions of welfare such as educational attainment, economic activity, length of life, and representation in national legislatures. Several studies find evidence of cross-country or global convergence -or at least the halting of divergence -on a number of welfare indicators, including education (Morrisson and Murtin 2007, Goesling andBaker 2008), income (Firebaugh 2003;Firebaugh and Goesling 2004;Sala-i-Martin 2006), fertility (Dorius 2008;Wilson 2001), and the Human Development Index (Crafts 2002), leading one development scholar to declare that "nearly everything that matters is converging" (Kenny 2005:1). The question is whether Kenny's declaration applies to gender inequality as well.Gender inequality differs from other types of inequality in significant ways, so we cannot tacitly assume that gender inequalities will trace the same path as other inequalities. Gender inequality exists when men (or women) enjoy a disproportionately large share of some valued good such as political power or long life. Men and women can differ in any number of domains, so gender inequality intersects other types of inequality (educational, economic, political, and so on). Women may be gaining on men in some domains and falling further behind in other domains. In a few domains, such as life expectancy, women have the advantage, so "declining gender inequality" in this instance refers to men gaining on women. These features of gender inequality imply that it is important to examine the domains of gender inequality separately.Our objective in this paper is to describe recent trends in global gender inequality, as measured by convergence or divergence in the indicators (described subsequently) that the Direct correspondence to Shawn F. Dorius or Glenn Firebaugh, Department of Sociology, Pennsylvania State University, 206 Oswald Tower, University Park, PA 16802. sdorius@psu.edu and firebaugh@pop.psu.edu. * Authors contributed equally.Earlier versions of the paper were presented at the 2006 annual meeting of the Population Association of America in Los Angeles, CA and at the 2007 Mapping Global Inequality: Beyond Income Inequality Conference at University of California, Santa Cruz. 5 Note that number of national legislators is not a constant fraction of population size, since small countries sometimes have more legislators t...

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“…On the one hand, life expectancy is believed to be the single most important factor explaining human development (Ivanova, Arcelus, & Srinivasan, 1999;Ogwang & Abdou, 2003). On the other hand, when examining poverty using the HDI in Nigeria, Akinbobola and Saibu (2004) found that decreasing unemployment and generating income provided the best explanatory power to human development.…”

Section: Review Of the Literature Quality Of Lifementioning

confidence: 98%

“…The indicator of economic participation is measured by the number of female legislators, senior officials, and managers along with the professional and technical positions filled by women. The number of parliamentary seats occupied by women measures political participation and the estimated earned income is the indicator used to measure decision-making of women (Ogwang & Abdou, 2003). Both the GDI and the GEM are measured on a scale from zero to one with greater gender disparity represented by a lower value (Tisdell et al, 2001).…”

Section: Gender Disparitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion of innovation in modeling anti-sex trafficking policy adoption

Minnick

2012

Journal of Comparative Social Welfare

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Because sex trafficking is a global phenomenon, the United Nations placed a call to action to its member nations to develop a comprehensive sex trafficking policy. As might be anticipated, variation occurred among nations in developing policy initiatives. The literature points to this variation but little has been published on understanding the underlying components of the variation. In this article, the characteristics of innovators, the environmental context, and the innovation of comprehensive sex trafficking policy, categorized into nodality, authority, organization, and treasure, are conceptualized, using a diffusion of innovations theoretical framework. Additionally, international indices of the Human Development Index, the Gender Disparity Index, and the Gender Empowerment Measurement are operationalized within the proposed diffusion of innovations model for anti-sex trafficking policy adoption.

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The choice of principal variables for computing the Physical Quality of Life Index

Cited by 19 publications

References 14 publications

The National Work–Life Balance Index©: The European Case

The National Work–Life Balance Index©: The European Case

Trends in Global Gender Inequality

Diffusion of innovation in modeling anti-sex trafficking policy adoption

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