The Clinical Chemistry of Bromsulfophthalein and Other Cholephilic Dyes

Jablonski, Paula; Owen, James

doi:10.1016/s0065-2423(08)60261-9

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 279 publications

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“…3,34 Numerous drugs and chemical substances have been reported to interfere with BSP pharmacokinetics by competing with BSP for uptake by hepatocytes or by interfering with BSP conjugation, including bilirubin, testosterone derivatives, estrogen, progesterone, cholecystographic agents, probenicid, novobiocin, phenothiazines, morphine, and codeine. 3,4,35,36 Because this was a retrospective study, the authors had no control over which tests were performed in which hospitalized dogs. Although BSP testing was performed in some hyperbilirubinemic dogs, it is noteworthy that the bilirubin increases in these dogs were mild (median 0.85 mg/ dL).…”

Section: Factors That Might Affect Bsp Retentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Plasma volume is the volume of distribution of the cholephilic dyes, including BSP. 4 Distribution of BSP to blood, liver, and bile follows 1st-order kinetics. 5 BSP retention testing was performed in human medicine until the late 1960s, when reports of hypersensitivity reactions to BSP and advent of serum hepatic enzyme and bilirubin measurements caused BSP testing to fall out of favor.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the Bromosulfophthalein 30‐Minute Retention Test for the Diagnosis of Hepatic Disease in Dogs

Flatland

Leib

Warnick

et al. 2000

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate efficacy of bromosulfophthalein (BSP) retention testing in dogs with and without histopathologically confirmed hepatobiliary disease. Medical records of 150 dogs with hepatobiliary disease having both a BSP test and hepatic biopsy were retrieved. Histopathologic slides of liver tissue were reviewed, and dogs were classified according to 1 of 11 histopathologic categories. Twenty-five clinically normal random-source dogs were used as controls for hepatic biopsy and BSP testing. No dogs suffered adverse effects due to BSP administration. BSP retention was significantly (P < .05) higher in hospitalized (13.9%) than control (3.2%) dogs, but the test could not distinguish between hospitalized dogs with different types of hepatobiliary disease. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of BSP retention as a test for hepatic disease were calculated. Using 5.0% as a cutoff for normal BSP retention resulted in a specificity of 88% and a sensitivity of 76%. Using 6.0% as a cutoff for normal BSP retention resulted in a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 70%. Dogs of this study having BSP retention of >6% had at least an 86% chance of having an abnormal liver. We concluded that continued use of BSP retention testing is warranted as a noninvasive diagnostic test for liver disease in dogs.

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Section: Factors That Might Affect Bsp Retentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Bromosulfophthalein 30‐Minute Retention Test for the Diagnosis of Hepatic Disease in Dogs

Flatland

Leib

Warnick

et al. 2000

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…After a preincubation period of 10 min, [35S]bromosulfophthalein was added. To separate the cells from the extracellular medium, 200-p1 aliquots of the hepatocyte suspension were withdrawn, and the cells were centrifuged into a silicone oil layer after 1,2,5,10,20,30,45 and 60 min. Immediately after centrifugation 100 pl of the supernatants were withdrawn while the tips of the centrifuge tubes were frozen in liquid nitrogen to prevent further metabolism in the cellular compartments.…”

Section: Incubation Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport and Metabolism of Bromosulfophthalein by Isolated Rat Liver Cells

Schwarz¹,

Summer²,

Schwenk³

1979

European Journal of Biochemistry

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Kinetics of transport and metabolism of bromosulfophthalein have been studied in isolated liver cells in a dose-dependent manner obtaining the following results.The disposition of bromosulfophthalein in suspensions of isolated liver cells is similar to the turnover in the whole liver. The initial maximal rate of uptake of bromosulfophthalein is 2-3 times faster than intracellular conjugation with glutathione. Conjugation proceeds to an equilibrium between intracellular substrate (bromosulfophthalein) and product (bromosulfophthalein-glutathione conjugate) which are both transiently accumulated in the cell. Formation of bromosulfophthaleinglutathione is accompanied by an equimolar decrease of glutathione. The bromosulfophthaleinglutathione conjugate is slowly released from the cells in an energy-dependent and saturable transport process. The maximal velocity of excretion amounts to only 6 % of the maximal velocity of uptake and to 20 % of the maximal velocity of conjugation. Excretion, therefore, represents the slowest step in the overall turnover.

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“…The diseases of the liver lower the capacity of the organ to carry out detoxification as evidenced by the accumulation of bilirubin, but even before the occurrence of jaundice, the defect can be recognized e.g. with the aid of bromsulphonphthalein test which involves the glutathione conjugation (JABLOWSKI & OWEN 1969). Drug oxidation is also hampered in liver diseases (AURANEN 1972).…”

Section: Physiological Variations In Drug Metabolism After Birthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and Exposure Factors in Drug Metabolism

Hänninen

1975

Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica

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The development of drug metabolism in the foetal and postnatal periods varies in different species. It is also different in different tissues. The capacity of tissues to catalyze drug hydrolysis, oxidation and reduction as well as the conjugation reactions appears to mature in different phases. The human foetus seems to be better equipped than the foetuses of other species, since both drug hydroxylation and e.g. salicyluric acid synthesis take place sooner than in other species. Glucuronide synthesis can also be detected early in human foetal tissues. During adulthood the drug metabolism decreases with age at least in the rat. The exposure of the organism to foreign compounds often results in an increase in the rate of drug metabolism. This can also be detected in foetal tissues. In the liver similar responses to successive exposures to inducing chemicals can be found at least in the young adult rats, providing they have had sufficient time to recover from previous loadings. In old rats the drug metabolizing enzymes are poorly induced. The diseased state of organs responsible for the detoxication reactions show a lower capacity to handle drugs. The mucosal cells of the intestine serve as a special model for studies on drug biotransformation, since their life span is short and cells at different developmental phases are available at the same time.

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The Clinical Chemistry of Bromsulfophthalein and Other Cholephilic Dyes

Cited by 22 publications

References 279 publications

Evaluation of the Bromosulfophthalein 30‐Minute Retention Test for the Diagnosis of Hepatic Disease in Dogs

Evaluation of the Bromosulfophthalein 30‐Minute Retention Test for the Diagnosis of Hepatic Disease in Dogs

Transport and Metabolism of Bromosulfophthalein by Isolated Rat Liver Cells

Age and Exposure Factors in Drug Metabolism

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