The Cognitive Impairment of Elderly Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): A Cross-Sectional Study about the Role of Viral Neurotoxicity

Diniz, João Luiz Cioglia Pereira; Tupinambás, Unaí; Labanca, Ludimila; Barbara, Sheila Melo; Souza, Oliveira; Utsch-Gonçalves, Denise

doi:10.4172/2314-7326.1000224

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Infections by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) 8 and cytomegalovirus (CMV) 37 , HIV 41 , and bacteria, such as Chlamydia pneumoniae 8 and Helicobacter pylori 8 and Lyme neuroborreliosis 42 have been associated with cognitive impairment. In older adults with pneumonia and urinary tract infection, for example, the risk of cognitive loss is about 1.4 times higher and previous episodes are positively associated with cognitive loss 43 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Plasmodium vivax malaria on executive and cognitive functions in elderlies in the Brazilian Amazon

Pessoa

Oliveira-Pessoa

Souza

et al. 2022

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The exact path leading to cognitive impairment that goes beyond malaria is unclear, but it appears to be the result of interactive factors. Time of exposure to disease and recurrences are potentially major determinant variables. Cognitive impairment is described mainly in children, rarely in adults. The disease in high endemic areas usually does not affect elderlies, because of acquired immunity over time. However, this population is relatively more frequently sick in lower endemic areas, such as in the Amazon. This study assessed the effect of Plasmodium vivax malaria on the executive and cognitive functions of elderlies, in the Brazilian Amazon. A cohort study was conducted to evaluate executive and cognitive functions one week (T0), two months (T2) and eight months (T8) after the malaria episode. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), Clock Drawing Test (CDT), Wechsler adult intelligence scale (WAIS-III), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) were used to assess executive and cognitive functions. One hundred-forty elderlies were enrolled (70 with P. vivax malaria and 70 without malaria). P. vivax malaria was associated with impairment of the executive and cognitive functions in elderlies for up to 8 months after acute P. vivax malaria. Prior history of malaria, recurrences and higher parasitemia were independently associated with various surrogates of executive and cognitive impairment. With the increase in life expectancy, elderlies living in malaria endemic areas will deserve more attention from health authorities, to guarantee improvement of their quality of life in the tropics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Plasmodium vivax malaria on executive and cognitive functions in elderlies in the Brazilian Amazon

Pessoa

Oliveira-Pessoa

Souza

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…17,35 On the other hand, studies about this subject have been scarce, and aging without a concomitant P300 latency delay has also been published. 30 When a comparison was made between the HAM and HTLV-1 asymptomatic groups, an unexpected P300 latency similarity appeared in the comparison between the HAM youngest age group and the eldest HTLV-1-asymptomatic age group (►Table 2). This is consistent with the absence of difference between the HTLV-1-asymptomatic and HAM groups in terms of episodic memory (RAVLT A5 and A7) (►Table 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…17 35 On the other hand, studies about this subject have been scarce, and aging without a concomitant P300 latency delay has also been published. 30…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study on P300 in elderly people living with HIV, using a similar methodology to that of the present study, observed similar changes in the HAM group to the ones found by us. 30 In fact, the HIV-positive individuals over 50 years of age have an increased risk of cognitive impairment, with changes that are found mainly in attention, memory, fluency and executive functions. 12 These findings reinforce the suspicion that HIV and HTLV-1 may cause lesions in the CNS that are similar in terms of location and pathophysiology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elderly people with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1-associated myelopathy present an early impairment in cognitive skills

et al. 2023

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Background Cerebral changes occur in individuals with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy (HAM) and seem to predominate in subcortical areas. Little is known about the cognitive decline in the elderly living with HTLV-1. Objective To evaluate the cognitive aging of individuals infected with HTLV-1 aged ≥ 50 years. Methods This is a cross-sectional study of former blood donors infected with HTLV-1 who have been followed in the cohort of the Interdisciplinary Research Group on HTLV-1 since 1997. The groups of study consisted of 79 HTLV-1 infected individuals aged ≥ 50 years, with 41 of them presenting symptomatic HAM and 38 being asymptomatic carriers, and 59 seronegative individuals (controls) aged ≥ 60 years. All were submitted to the P300 electrophysiological test and neuropsychological tests. Results Individuals with HAM presented delayed P300 latency in relation to the other groups, and this latency delay increased progressively with aging. The performance of this group in the neuropsychological tests was also the worst. The HTLV-1- asymptomatic group performance was similar to that of the control group. Conclusions Individuals with HAM presented cognitive decline that progressed with aging and, although HTLV-1-asymptomatic carriers appear to present cognitive aging similar to that of healthy elderly people, concern about a subclinical cognitive impairment is warranted in this population.

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The Cognitive Impairment of Elderly Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): A Cross-Sectional Study about the Role of Viral Neurotoxicity

Cited by 2 publications

References 53 publications

Impact of Plasmodium vivax malaria on executive and cognitive functions in elderlies in the Brazilian Amazon

Impact of Plasmodium vivax malaria on executive and cognitive functions in elderlies in the Brazilian Amazon

Elderly people with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1-associated myelopathy present an early impairment in cognitive skills

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