The combined toxic effects of nonpolar narcotic chemicals to Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata

The Combined Toxic and Genotoxic Effects of Chromium and Volatile Organic Contaminants to Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata

“…Our work showed that P. subcapitata is a sensitive organism to test organic and inorganic contaminants in the water and represents a suitable bio-indicator (Hsieh et al 2006;Labra et al 2007). Toxicological tests led with increasing concentrations of contaminants and mixtures showed the dose-response for each tested substance.…”

“…Other antropic contaminants frequently found in waters are volatile organic contaminants (VOCs) such as trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, dichloroethylene, vinyl chloride, and benzene and their degradation products. VOCs are largely used in the industry as a polymer precursor, dry cleaning agents, and degreasing agent for metals and for these reasons they are present in contaminated water in combination with different heavy metals such as chromium, lead, and arsenic (Suk and Olden 2005;Barata et al 2006;Hsieh et al 2006). All these water contaminants were demonstrated to be carcinogenic for human beings and animals and in some aquifers they persist for decades causing environmental and ecosystem alterations (Dekant et al 1990;Channel et al 1998;Hu et al 2008;Cho et al 2008).…”

“…The unicellular algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was selected as a test organism, since some studies on water pollution showed that it is the most broadly sensitive test organism for assays of elutriates as well as surface waters and ground samples (Hsieh et al 2006;Labra et al 2007;Marques et al 2008). Synergism or antagonism among chromium, TCE and PCE were evaluated by measuring growth rate and metabolic activity of P. subcapitata by fluorescein diacetate (FDA) esterase test.…”

QSAR for Predicting Joint Toxicity of Halogenated Benzenes to Dicrateria zhanjiangensis

“…This significance of the log 1/ EC 50 -log K D relationship indicates that the toxicity of these chemicals is dependent on the distribution between water and organic phases (Lin et al 2002). And this dependence shows that the chemicals are nonpolar narcotic chemicals (Verhaar et al 1992;Lin et al 2004;Hsieh et al 2006). Furthermore, the Eq.…”

Detecting total toxicity in water using a mediated biosensor system with flow injection

“…However, the conventional analytical detection of specific pollutants is not sufficient to assess environmental risk because toxicity is a biological response (Hernando et al, 2005). Furthermore, the synergistic toxicity of pollutants induced by the toxicity of multiple pollutants is greater than the sum of the toxicities of the individual pollutants (Eaton, 1973;Fernandez-Alba et al, 2002;Hsieh et al, 2006). Therefore, developing an effective means to evaluate total toxicity on living organisms is highly desirable and remains a great challenge.…”