The comparison of heavy metal accumulation ratios of some fish species in Enne Dame Lake (Kütahya/Turkey)

Abstract

The metal accumulation levels for muscle, skin, gill, liver and intestine tissues of some Cyprinidae species (Carassius carassius, Condrostoma nasus, Leuciscus cephalus and Alburnus alburnus) in Enne Dame Lake (Kütahya/Turkey), which is mostly fed by hot spring waters, were investigated. Analyses were performed for copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), magnesium (Mg), nickel (Ni), chrome (Cr) and boron (B) using inductively coupled plasma-optic emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), and cadmium (Cd) using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) utilizing microwave digestion techniques. The concentrations of the heavy metals found in the fish varied in the follow ing ranges: Cu: < DL-7.04, Zn: 6.96-357.25, Mn: < DL-20.70, Ni: < DL-6.21, Fe: 9.62-2500.33, Cr: < DL-1.74, Co: < DL-0.54, Cd: 0.01-0.27 and Mg: 197.44-904.90 mg/kg wet weight. While B had the second highest concentration in the water of the lake, it was not encountered in any tissue of the investigated species. In all tissues and the species, While the bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) of Mn, Zn, Fe and Cu were remarkably high, the BAFs of Mg, Cr, Co, and B were also fairly low or none. Although the heavy metal accumulation levels for the muscle were generally lower than other tissues, there were some exceptions. Cd level in the muscle of C. carassius was higher than the permissible limit stated by Turkish legislation, FAO and WHO. The mean metal amounts for all the investigated tissues and species are statistically compared and discussed in this study.

Levels of Heavy Metals in Different Tissues of Pigeon (Columba livia) of Bangladesh for Safety Assessment for Human Consumption

“…Mormede and Davies (2001) suggested that the liver was the target organ, showing the detoxification and accumulation role of the liver. The muscle is generally considered to have a weak accumulating potential (Erdoğrul and Erbilir 2007;Uysal et al 2009;Bervoets and Blust 2003). The liver is the preferred organ for metal accumulation which could also be deduced from the present study.…”

Arsenic and Other Trace Elements in Five Edible Fish Species in Relation to Fish Size and Weight and Potential Health Risks for Human Consumption

“…We observed that catfish had the highest concentrations of Co in gills compared to other species, which is in accordance with the findings of Subotić et al [27]. Co concentrations in Prussian carp muscle samples (0.003 mg·kg -1 ) were lower than in samples from Işikli Dam Lake and Karacaören Dam Lake (2.80 mg μg·g -1 dw) [46], but higher than in samples from Enne Dame Lake (ND -not detected) [10]. Muscle samples from pikeperch (0.004 mg·kg -1 ww) and catfish (0.003 mg·kg -1 ww) had higher concentrations of Co than samples from the Danube (0.001 μg·g -1 dw for both species) [27].…”

“…The detected concentrations of Ni in pikeperch muscle samples (0.049 mg·kg -1 ww) were lower than in samples from the Caspian Sea (1.77 μg·g -1 ww) [44]. The detected concentrations of Ni in Prussian carp muscle samples (0.038 mg·kg -1 ww) were lower than in samples from Işikli Dam Lake and Karacaören Dam Lake (1.57 μg·g -1 dw) [46], but higher than in samples from Enne Dame Lake (ND -not detected) [10].…”

“…bound to particulate matters [8], while the liver as metabolically active tissue (due to the presence of metal-binding proteins) is the accumulation location for elements [9,10]. Muscles are not important tissue in metals agglomeration, except mercury, and the study of potential metals accumulations in this tissue of fish is justified because of human consumption [11].…”

Metal Uptake and Bioaccumulation Potentials of Clarias Buthupogon and Heterobranchus Longifilis Collected from Asa River, Ilorin, Nigeria

“…In this present study, it was observed that gills were the primary target of the metal bioaccumulation. Fish absorbs metals from the external environment primarily through their gills [17]. Comparing metal level present in the gills with the other evaluated tissues (liver, kidney and muscle), it was observed that Lead, Nickel and chromium statistically significant in their level of accumulation in the gill of H. longifilis across the two sample locations and in-between the two seasons of the year, Cadmium, Copper, Nickel were found to be highly accumulated in the gill.…”