The compatibilising effect of maleic anhydride on swelling and mechanical properties of plant-fiber-reinforced novolac composites

Mishra, Satyendra; Naik, Jitendra; Patil, Yogesh

doi:10.1016/s0266-3538(00)00056-7

Cited by 196 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…One of the main difficulties when dealing with natural composites is the adhesion between fibres and matrices 4,5 , mainly due to the hydrophilic and hydrophobic characteristics showed by the fibres and the polymers, respectively. However, the chemical affinity between the cellulose and the polymeric matrix can be improved by the modification of the fibre surface 6,7 or the polymer [8][9][10][11] , using chemical additives like maleic anhydride.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mishra et al 6 , Naik and Mishra 7 , evaluated the effect of adding maleic anhydride on the sisal and banana fibres surface adhesion, observing a significant reduction of the water absorption and an increase of the modulus of elasticity, hardness and impact strength. An alternative method to improve the mechanical performance of biocomposites is by adding a second reinforcement phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micromechanical analysis of hybrid composites reinforced with unidirectional natural fibres, silica microparticles and maleic anhydride

et al. 2012

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The work describes the analytical and experimental characterisation of a class of polymeric composites made from epoxy matrix reinforced with unidirectional natural sisal and banana fibres with silica microparticles and maleic anhydride fabricated by manual moulding. The analytical models, ROM rule of mixtures and Halpin-Tsai approach, have been used in conjunction with a Design of Experiments (DOE) analysis from tensile tests carried out on 24 different composites architectures. The following experimental factors were analyzed in this work: type of fibres (sisal and banana fibres), volume fraction of fibres (30% and 50%) and modified matrix phase by adding silica microparticles (0%wt, 20%wt and 33%wt) and maleic anhydride (0%wt and 2%wt). The ROM approach has shown a general good agreement with the experimental data for composites manufactured with 30%vol of natural fibres, which can be attributed to the strong adhesion found between the phases. On the opposite, the semi empirical model proposed by Halpin and Tsai has shown greater fidelity with composites manufactured from 50%vol of natural fibres, which exhibit a weak interfacial bonding. The addition of microsilica and maleic anhydride in the system did not enhance the adhesion between the phases as expected.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micromechanical analysis of hybrid composites reinforced with unidirectional natural fibres, silica microparticles and maleic anhydride

et al. 2012

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“…Researchers reported that maleic anhydride treatment reduced the water absorption to a great extent in abaca, hemp and sisal fiber-reinforced novolac composites. Mechanical properties like Young's modulus, flexural modulus, hardness and impact strength of plant fiber-reinforced composites increased after maleic anhydride treatment [23]. In addition to wood flour, polypropylene with the rate of 1.2 % by weight as a coupling agent, namely maleic anhydride, was added to the mixture, and an antioxidant with the rate of 0.2 % was added to the mixture in order to prevent degradation of the material during granule production through extrusion.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of rheological and mechanical properties of wood flour reinforced polypropylene

Güldaş

Zeyveli

Kaya³

et al. 2018

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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This study aims to investigate the rheological and mechanical properties of polypropylene when reinforced by wood flour. In the study, wood flour (WF) was added as filling material to polypropylene (PP), and its effects were investigated. The grain size of the wood flour was 300 mm. Wood flour was mixed into polypropylene material at different rates of weight. Viscosity changes of the polypropylene at various temperatures and pressure values of the concentration rates were documented. As a result, viscosity increases as the amount of wood flour filling is increased; yet as temperature, pressure and shear rate are increased, viscosity decreases. The study also focuses on the changes in its mechanical properties of polypropylene reinforced with wood flour. The tensile strength of reinforced polypropylene at varying percentages (wt. 5 %, wt. 10 % and wt. 15 %) was observed to decrease by 11 %, 16 % and 21 %, respectively, compared to that of non-reinforced polypropylene. Additionally, impact tests showed that the highest energy absorption was in 10 % wood flour reinforced polypropylene.

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“…In addition, many organic reagents have been introduced to improve the surface of plant fibers. For instance, the plant fiber-reinforced composites treated with maleic anhydride (MA) have lower water absorption and better mechanical properties than untreated composites (Mishra et al 2000;Zhao et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Acetylation of Rice Straw-Biogas Residue and its Characteristic Effect on Rice Straw-Reinforced Composites

Xia

Huang

et al. 2017

BioResources

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aTo improve the compatibility between rice straw and reinforcing polymers, rice straw (RS) was pretreated by an anaerobic process, and its biogas residues (BR) were acetylated with acetic anhydride (AA) to prepare acetylated biogas residues (ABR). The optimum conditions of acetylation were determined by orthogonal experiments. When acetylation was performed at 140 °C with 10 mL AA/g BR and 0.08 g catalyst/g BR, the maximum weight gain rate (WGR) obtained was 23.7%. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis showed that many hydroxyl groups were displaced by acetoxy groups. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that many defects of BR were filled by the acetylation, and an ester layer was formed over the BR surface. However, the lower crystallinity of ABR than the BR and RS affected the mechanical properties of acetylated biogas residue/low density polyethylene (ABR/LDEP) composite. Interestingly, the BR and ABR showed higher onset decomposition temperature, but they exhibited faster decomposition rates because of the lower crystallinity of BR and ABR. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the RS/LDEP, BR/LDEP, and ABR/LDEP composites were analyzed. Compared with RS/LDEP composites, the BR/LDEP and ABR/LDEP composites showed obviously better tensile and flexural properties. Consequently, rice straw fibers attained excellent compatibility with non-polar polymers.

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The compatibilising effect of maleic anhydride on swelling and mechanical properties of plant-fiber-reinforced novolac composites

Cited by 196 publications

References 12 publications

Micromechanical analysis of hybrid composites reinforced with unidirectional natural fibres, silica microparticles and maleic anhydride

Micromechanical analysis of hybrid composites reinforced with unidirectional natural fibres, silica microparticles and maleic anhydride

Investigation of rheological and mechanical properties of wood flour reinforced polypropylene

Study on the Acetylation of Rice Straw-Biogas Residue and its Characteristic Effect on Rice Straw-Reinforced Composites

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