The composition and distribution of the fatty substances of the human subject

Cathcart, E. P.; Cuthbertson, D. P.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1931.sp002779

Cited by 46 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…* Thermochemical considerations determine the form of the expression as a function of r. The numerical coefficients accord with the data of Cathcart & Cuthbertson (1931). N.T.P.…”

Section: Historical Reviewsupporting

confidence: 52%

The measurement of domestic ventilation: An experimental and theoretical investigation with particular reference to the use of carbon dioxide as a tracer substance

Renbourn

Angus

Ellison

et al. 1949

J. Hyg.

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“…* Thermochemical considerations determine the form of the expression as a function of r. The numerical coefficients accord with the data of Cathcart & Cuthbertson (1931). N.T.P.…”

Section: Historical Reviewsupporting

confidence: 52%

The measurement of domestic ventilation: An experimental and theoretical investigation with particular reference to the use of carbon dioxide as a tracer substance

Renbourn

Angus

Ellison

et al. 1949

J. Hyg.

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“…Protein oxidation was calculated from the quantity of nitrogen excreted in the urine. CHO and lipid oxidation rates were determined using the nonprotein RQ (npRQ) tables of Lusk modified by Cathcart and Cuthbertson, 5 the areas under the CHO or lipid oxidation rate curves. The quantity of glucose stored during the 4-h test period was calculated by subtracting from the ingested glucose, the total amount of glucose oxidized, excreted in the urine, and remaining in the extracellular glucose space.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate Oxidation and Storage in Obese Non-insulin-dependent Diabetic Patients: Effects of Improving Glycemic Control

et al. 1983

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We have determined total body carbohydrate and lipid oxidation rates in response to a standard breakfast in nine obese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and in seven age- and weight-matched controls. The patients with NIDDM were studied twice, once while in poor glycemic control (fasting blood glucose concentration 267 +/- 24 mg/dl, urinary glucose excretion 28.9 +/- 6.3 g/24 h) and again after modest glycemic improvement following 2 mo of fiber treatment (fasting blood glucose 227 +/- 19 mg/dl, urinary glucose excretion 10.7 +/- 1.9 g/24 h). Basal carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation rates were normal in patients with NIDDM before and after fiber treatment. However, in patients before fiber treatment the rise in CHO oxidation rates, the reciprocal fall in lipid oxidation rates, and the rise in serum insulin and C-peptide concentrations after the breakfast were all severely blunted. In addition, storage of ingested CHO was significantly reduced (from 55% to 32%, P less than 0.05). After fiber treatment, postbreakfast CHO oxidation rates had improved and were no longer significantly lower than control values. In contrast, CHO storage remained suppressed. We conclude that (1) basal CHO oxidation remained normal but that postbreakfast CHO oxidation was impaired in our obese patients with NIDDM. This impairment, however, appeared to be a relatively late event, occurring only during severely uncontrolled NIDDM. (2) Inability to dispose of CHO by storage appeared to be an earlier defect with a greater impact on glucose tolerance than the impairment of CHO oxidation.

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“…Samples of expired air were analysed by means of the Hartmann-Braun analyser which was calibrated against a Haldane apparatus (Haldane & Graham, 1935) and the volume of expired air was measured on a calibrated, dry gas-meter. Calorie expenditures were calculated from the tables of Cathcart & Cuthbertson (1931). The subjects did not all walk at exactly the same speed.…”

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confidence: 99%

The expenditure of energy by men and women walking

Booyens¹,

Keatinge²

1957

The Journal of Physiology

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Benedict & Murschhauser (1915) and Passmore & Durnin (1955) collected together and summarized the main observations made on the expenditure of energy when walking at different speeds. Edholm, Fletcher, Widdowson & McCance (1955) added figures for marching. With few exceptions these observations were all made on men. Mahadeva, Passmore & Woolf (1953) found no sex difference in the expenditure of energy of persons walking at 3 m.p.h. on an indoor track. In observations on two women and four men walking at 3.5-4 m.p.h., Booyens & McCance (1957) noticed that the women expended less energy than the men. Although there are more women than men in the population, little is known about the energy normally expended by women when they are walking. The expenditure of energy of ten men and ten women have therefore been measured while they were walking in order to find out (1) the range of individual variation, (2) whether there is a sex difference. METHODSThe age, height and weight of the subjects and also the ratio between their height and the length of their legs are given in Table 1. Leg lengths were taken as the vertical distance from the greater trochanter to the floor, measured without shoes.The experiments were conducted over a straight outdoor level track 300 yards long. The subjects, wearing flat-heeled shoes, walked along it for 50 yards before their expired air was collected. This was then collected as they walked over the remaining 250 yards and back again. It is believed that these measurements of expenditures of energy will be within 5 % of steady-state figures; the two sex groups will be comparable in this respect.Single measurements of gross expenditure of energy and of length and frequency of stride were made on each subject while walking at two rates: (1) a leisurely one, and (2) 'to catch a bus'.Each speed was nearly the same within the group except for subject 2. Her leisurely walking speed resembled the fast walking of the other subjects, and she was consequently asked to walk more slowly, instead of faster, during the second measurement, so that her result could be compared with those of the others.Expired air was collected in Douglas bags (Douglas & Priestley, 1948). A conventional mouthpiece and valve holder with inspiratory and expiratory valves and two lengths of standard corrugated tubing were used in each measurement. The subjects wore the mouthpiece for 2-3 min 11 PHYSIO. CXXXVIII

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The composition and distribution of the fatty substances of the human subject

Cited by 46 publications

References 5 publications

The measurement of domestic ventilation: An experimental and theoretical investigation with particular reference to the use of carbon dioxide as a tracer substance

The measurement of domestic ventilation: An experimental and theoretical investigation with particular reference to the use of carbon dioxide as a tracer substance

Carbohydrate Oxidation and Storage in Obese Non-insulin-dependent Diabetic Patients: Effects of Improving Glycemic Control

The expenditure of energy by men and women walking

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