The Concordiasi Field Experiment over Antarctica: First Results from Innovative Atmospheric Measurements

Rabier, Florence; Cohn, Steve; Cocquerez, Philippe; Hertzog, Albert; Avallone, L. M.; Deshler, Terry; Haase, Jennifer S.; Hock, Terry; Doerenbecher, Alexis; Wang, Junhong; Guidard, Vincent; Thépaut, Jean‐Noël; Langland, Rolf H.; Tangborn, Andrew; Balsamo, Gianpaolo; Brun, E.; Parsons, David B.; Bordereau, Jérôme; Cardinali, Carla; Danis, François; Escarnot, Jean-Pierre; Fourrié, Nadia; Gelaro, Ron; Genthon, Christophe; Ide, Kayo; Kalnajs, L.; Martin, Charles L.; Meunier, Louis-François; Nicot, Jean-Marc; Perttula, Tuuli; Potts, Nicholas; Patrick, Ruth; Richardson, David; Sosa-Sesma, Sergio; Vargas, André

doi:10.1175/bams-d-12-00005.1

Cited by 24 publications

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“…The driftsonde deployment supported AMMA's research focus on high-impact weather and was undertaken through a collaboration between AMMA and THORPEX. The program is summarized in Redelsperger et al (2006), with the driftsonde-observing strategy described in Rabier et al (2008). The AMMA measurement strategy included long-term observations from 2002 through 2010 to investigate the interannual variability of the West African monsoon.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The third major driftsonde deployment was in 2010 for the Concordiasi field experiment 4 (Rabier et al 2010(Rabier et al , 2013, a multidisciplinary effort jointly conducted by several groups in France and the United States to study the lower stratosphere and troposphere above Antarctica. Concordiasi was one of the cluster of THORPEX projects associated with the International Polar Year (e.g., Renfrew et al 2008;Hanesiak et al 2010;Kristjánsson et al 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…A number of important results have already come from the 2010 Concordiasi dataset, as described in the Concordiasi workshop report (Rabier et al 2013). Wang et al (2013) compare sonde profiles with satellite retrievals, using the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Products Validation System (NPROVS) to match Concordiasi dropsonde and radiosonde profiles with profiles from several satellite products.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…These retrievals are highly dependent on the quality of temperature and humidity profiles. As reported in Rabier et al (2013), detection of cloud properties can be improved by using an accurate atmospheric profile provided by the Concordiasi dropsondes rather than the atmospheric model.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Driftsondes: Providing In Situ Long-Duration Dropsonde Observations over Remote Regions

Cohn

Hock

Cocquerez

et al. 2013

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

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International audienceConstellations of driftsonde systems— gondolas floating in the stratosphere and able to release dropsondes upon command— have so far been used in three major field experiments from 2006 through 2010. With them, high-quality, high-resolution, in situ atmospheric profiles were made over extended periods in regions that are otherwise very difficult to observe. The measurements have unique value for verifying and evaluating numerical weather prediction models and global data assimilation systems; they can be a valuable resource to validate data from remote sensing instruments, especially on satellites, but also airborne or ground-based remote sensors. These applications for models and remote sensors result in a powerful combination for improving data assimilation systems. Driftsondes also can support process studies in otherwise difficult locations—for example, to study factors that control the development or decay of a tropical disturbance, or to investigate the lower boundary layer over the interior Antarctic continent. The driftsonde system is now a mature and robust observing system that can be combined with flight-level data to conduct multidisciplinary research at heights well above that reached by current research aircraft. In this article we describe the development and capabilities of the driftsonde system, the exemplary science resulting from its use to date, and some future applications

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Driftsondes: Providing In Situ Long-Duration Dropsonde Observations over Remote Regions

Cohn

Hock

Cocquerez

et al. 2013

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

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“…For the first time, ozone loss has been observed in situ over long periods of time by specially designed ultraviolet photometers (Kalnajs and Avallone, 2010) flown on long-duration balloons launched as part of the Concordiasi campaign (Rabier et al, 2013) out of McMurdo Station, Antarctica, in austral spring of 2010. These super-pressure balloons travel on constant density (isopycnic) surfaces; the 2010 Concordiasi payloads were launched to a density ρ = 115 g m −3 which corresponds to approximately 65 hPa (17 km).…”

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confidence: 99%

First quasi-Lagrangian in situ measurements of Antarctic Polar springtime ozone: observed ozone loss rates from the Concordiasi long-duration balloon campaign

et al. 2015

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Abstract. We present ozone measurements made using state-of-the-art ultraviolet photometers onboard three longduration stratospheric balloons launched as part of the Concordiasi campaign in austral spring 2010. Ozone loss rates calculated by matching air parcels sampled at different times and places during the polar spring are in agreement with rates previously derived from ozonesonde measurements, for the vortex average, ranging between 2 and 7 ppbv per sunlit hour or between 25 and 110 ppbv per day. However, the geographical coverage of these long-duration stratospheric balloon platforms provides new insights into the temporal and spatial patterns of ozone loss over Antarctica. Very large ozone loss rates of up to 230 ppbv per day (16 ppbv per sunlit hour) are observed for air masses that are downwind of the Antarctic Peninsula and/or over the East Antarctic region. The ozone loss rate maximum downstream of the Antarctic Peninsula region is consistent with high PSC occurrence from CALIPSO and large ClO abundances from MLS satellite observations for 12-22 September 2010, and with a chemical box model simulation using JPL 2011 kinetics with full chlorine activation.

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Quasi‐Lagrangian measurements of nitric acid trihydrate formation over Antarctica

2014

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In 2010, the joint French-United States Concordiasi project released 19 long-duration superpressure balloons from McMurdo Station, Antarctica. Four of these balloons carried a gondola with particle counters and temperature sensors to measure polar stratospheric clouds. One gondola spent 5 days at stable temperatures between equilibrium temperatures for nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) and for supercooled ternary solution droplets. Sporadic particles with radii between 0.46 μm and 4.5 μm were measured in a small fraction of the measurements. At these times the corresponding size distributions and total particle volumes were consistent with NAT. Although the fraction of these observations was less than 3%, their frequency increased with time over the 5 days. From this frequency the NAT nucleation rate at 3°C below T NAT was estimated to be 2 × 10 À4 m À3 s À1 ± 60% for these late winter austral NAT observations at a potential temperature of 410-415 K. Interspersed with these measurements of polar stratospheric cloud particles consistent with NAT were many more measurements of particles consistent with background stratospheric aerosol indicating that the polar stratospheric clouds sampled were highly discontinuous.

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The Concordiasi Field Experiment over Antarctica: First Results from Innovative Atmospheric Measurements

Cited by 24 publications

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Driftsondes: Providing In Situ Long-Duration Dropsonde Observations over Remote Regions

Driftsondes: Providing In Situ Long-Duration Dropsonde Observations over Remote Regions

First quasi-Lagrangian in situ measurements of Antarctic Polar springtime ozone: observed ozone loss rates from the Concordiasi long-duration balloon campaign

Quasi‐Lagrangian measurements of nitric acid trihydrate formation over Antarctica

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