The correlation between dietary fat quality indices and lipid profile with Atherogenic Index of Plasma in obese and non-obese Volunteers: a cross-sectional descriptive-analytic case-control study

Abstract

Background and aim: Abnormalities in lipid metabolism are commonly observed in patients who were obese. Alongside dyslipidemia, one of the markers in predicting the risk of cardiovascular disease is the Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), which is related to dietary intake. Healthy fat quality indices, including Atherogenicity (AI) and Thrombogenicity (TI) hypo/hypercholesterolemic ratio (h/H), the Cholesterol-Saturated Fat Index (CSI) and ω-3/ω-6 ratio might have an effect on AIP. The purpose of this study is to find the possible relationship between dietary fat quality, and AIP and comparison of these indices among obese and non-obese volunteers.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytic case-control study with 157 normal and overweight and obese volunteers (n=71 normal vs n=86 overweight and obese) in the age range of 18-65 years. Food intake, anthropometric indices, body composition, and lipid profile were measured. Results: Based on the present results, comparable biochemical parameters including TC (P=0.580), TG (P=0.362) and LDL (P=0.687) and HDL (P=0.151) among overweight/obese volunteers as compared to normal ones were noticed. Results of dietary fat quality, including Atherogenicity (AI) and Thrombogenicity (TI) hypo/hypercholesterolemic ratio (h/H), the Cholesterol-Saturated Fat Index (CSI) showed significantly higher AI (P=0.012) in the overweight/obese group as compared to the normal group. Whereas, h/H (P=0.034) and ω-6/ω-3 ratio (P=0.004) were significantly higher in normal weight volunteers. There was a positive correlation between AI, TI, CSI, SFA, MUFA, PUFA and ω-6/ω-3 ratio with AIP and negative correlation between h/H with AIP in both groups. Despite significancies of these corelations no strong relation was observed by doing multiple regression among normal and overweight/obese groups (R2=0.210, R2=0.387).Conclusions: In summary, the present study suggest a direct relationship between dietary fat quality, increased BMI, and lipid abnormalities with AIP. However, further large-scale studies are needed to have a clear conclusion in this regard.

Visceral Adiposity index and atherogenic index of plasma as reliable indices to prediction of cardiovascular diseases in adults: A Cross-Sectional analysis from the Iranian RaNCD Cohort Data

“…Thus, AIP and VAI can be used as markers to predict of CVDs. The mean of AIP and VAI in our study was somewhat higher than other studies [13,15,16], which could be due to the studied age group (35-65 years) and the high prevalence of obesity and overweight in participants.…”

“…Previous research has shown that the average of these two indices is different in different populations; the mean of AIP is between 0.17 to 0.41 [13,15] and the mean of VAI is between 2.1 to 3.2 in Iranian populations [16][17][18]. The difference in the averages of these indexes indicates the need for further studies in different populations and ethnicities.…”

Evidence for the atherogenic index of plasma as a potential biomarker for cardiovascular disease in schizophrenia

“…In the Turkey's western regions, also in Bursa, the Mediterranean diet habits are common, and in these regions olive cultivation and olive oil production, those rich in omega-3 fatty acids, is carried out in a common manner. In a recent research, omega-6/omega-3 ratio was found to be positively correlated with AIP in both normal and overweight/obese individuals (Moussavi Javardi et al, 2020). It can be interpreted that our study population has lower TG and higher HDL levels due to the Mediterranean eating habits, and AIP values may be lower than the Western societies.…”

Chemical Characterization of Different Products from the Tunisian Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill.

“…The dietary quality of fat from different Opuntia (by-)products was assessed by the H/H ratio, AI, and TI indices ( Table 2 ), namely indicators of the stimulation of cholesterol metabolism and platelet aggregation responsible for cardiovascular syndromes [ 67 ].…”