The Correlation between Physical Environmental Factors and the Occurrence of Leptospirosis

Kurniawati, Ratna Dian; Nuryati, Sri

doi:10.15294/kemas.v14i2.13527

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Both studies state that poor sewer conditions are not a risk factor for leptospirosis (22) and the presence of wastewater in people's homes is not associated with the incidence of leptospirosis (24). Another case with research by Kurniawati, Nuryati (2018) which stated that there is a connection between the existence of sewers near the dwelling and the incidence of Leptospirosis (25). However, two other studies state that when the urine of mice infected with the bacteria Leptospira contaminating sewer water and the flow is inundated or overflows, sewers can play a role as a factor of leptospirosis transmission (26), as well as clogged sewer conditions, piling garbage, and stagnant water have an effect on flooding and can also invite rats (4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics, Behavior, and Environmental Conditions Residence of Leptospirosis Patients in the District of Probolinggo

Damalia

Hidajah²,

Ardiyansyah³

2021

Jour. Health Sci Prev

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Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Leptospira sp. and carried by rats as the main source of transmission through its urine. Risk factors for the sufferer are the condition and activity of daily individuals. Probolinggo Regency became one of the regencies/cities in East Java that had been infected by Leptospirosis and as of 20 January 2020 the case amounted to 4 and 2 of which died. This research aims to illustrate the characteristics, behaviors, and environmental conditions of the Leptospirosis in Probolinggo Regency. The research was conducted by describing four cases of Leptospirosis found in Probolinggo Regency from 1 – 20 January 2020. The cases found are depicted according to characteristic variables, behaviors, and environmental conditions. Data analysis is done in a descriptive, namely describing the distribution and presentation of each variable. Data is presented in a table or narrative form. The results showed that 75% of the patients of Leptospirosis are male-gender with an age range of 45-59 years old. Work of some sufferer (50%) is a risky job, namely farmers and builders. No sufferers use gloves during contact with puddle, the use of footwear to the yard and the habit of washing hands and feet after the activity is only done by some sufferers (50%). Almost all sufferers (75%) using well water as a source of clean water. 50% of sufferers do not have sewers. Most sufferers (75%) have pets or livestock and be aware of the presence of rats in the house. Bins owned by most sufferers (75%) is a type of open trash can. Half of the number of sufferers residing in flood prone areas. Therefore, it takes a disciplined attitude in the implementation of clean and healthy life during activities to prevent the occurrence of Leptospirosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics, Behavior, and Environmental Conditions Residence of Leptospirosis Patients in the District of Probolinggo

Damalia

Hidajah²,

Ardiyansyah³

2021

Jour. Health Sci Prev

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“…2 Leptospirosis bacteria in the province. 2,4 Leptospirosis is also known as mud fever, slime fever, swamp fever, autumnal fever, infectious jaundice, field fever, and cane fever. Based on etiology, spirochetes bacteria from the genus Leptospira, family Treponema, cause leptospirosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotics Used in Leptospirosis: A Narrative Literature Review

2022

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Leptospirosis is an acute infectious disease that affects both humans and animals (zoonosis). This disease is caused by the Leptospira species, a bacterium with 250 serovar variations which thus detecting its cases is prominently challenging. In Indonesia, Leptospirosis is regarded as an iceberg phenomenon since such a challenge prevents this disease from being diagnosed in clinical practice, despite study data indicating that a significant percentage of reservoir rats in Indonesia are positive for Leptospira bacteria. As such, this disease has a high mortality of rats due to therapeutic delays. The usage of antibiotics is consequently considered an optimal therapy for leptospirosis. Antibiotics are chosen based on the clinical severity of the disease and should be administered as prophylaxis in high-risk groups in order to lower morbidity and mortality.

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“…Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonotic disease that is closely related to fairly complex environmental factors (Lau et al 2012;Kurniawati and Nuryati 2018;Thibeaux et al 2018). The causal agent of leptospirosis being Leptospira bacterium which when contaminates water or soil with urine from infected animals such as rats, makes it a point source for array of clinical conditions in humans such as self-limiting febrile illness to Weil's disease, manifested by jaundice, acute renal failure and bleeding (Croda et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short Communication: Leptospirosis control based on eco-social factors: Modeling combination in Demak, Central Java, Indonesia

Djati¹,

Kusnoputranto

Utomo

et al. 2020

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Djati RRAP, Kusnoputanto H, Utomo SW, Sakundarno M, Dewabrata PW, Duad HAH, Wicaksono MA. 2020. Short Communication: Leptospirosis control based on eco-social factors: Modeling combination in Demak, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5818-5828. Ecological habitats and niches of leptospirosis as one of the environmental-based diseases need to be explored in an in-depth study based on eco-social analysis. The objective of this study was to develop an integrated leptospirosis control model based on eco-social factors. The location of the study was in Demak districts, Indonesia. Geographic coordinate data of cases during 2008-2018 were determined from the survey results of District Health Offices. Climatic and environmental data were obtained from Indonesian Meteorological, Climatological, Geophysical and Geospatial Information Agencies. Data on social factors were obtained by interviewing diseased persons using in-depth interview. Recorded cases and corresponding point location environmental data were then analyzed using ArcGIS and MaxEnt programs. Social network analysis was used to describe the factors involved in efforts to control leptospirosis and the relationship. The model predicted that the intervention was biological control, which had the highest leverage to reduce the morbidity rate. Health workers played an important role in efforts to control leptospirosis, although they were supported by self-supporting roles of the community. Management and control of natural and socio-environmental risk factors are very important. Combination model based on eco-social approach would be a useful tool to design and implement appropriate leptospirosis control.

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The Correlation between Physical Environmental Factors and the Occurrence of Leptospirosis

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Characteristics, Behavior, and Environmental Conditions Residence of Leptospirosis Patients in the District of Probolinggo

Characteristics, Behavior, and Environmental Conditions Residence of Leptospirosis Patients in the District of Probolinggo

Antibiotics Used in Leptospirosis: A Narrative Literature Review

Short Communication: Leptospirosis control based on eco-social factors: Modeling combination in Demak, Central Java, Indonesia

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