The design method for concrete waterfront amphibian ladder along streams

Using Behavioral Characteristics to Design Amphibian Ladders for Concrete-Lined Irrigation Channels

“…Our results indicate that there is a significant positive correlation in the study species, the dark-spotted frog, between individual frog's body sizes and behavioral abilities. The larger the body size, the greater the ability of frogs to climb steeper gradients, and the greater the likelihood of escape, which is in agreement with the previous research results [14,23,25]. It has been found that there are linear relationships between the frogs' body length, body weight, and limiting climb gradient, and body length has a greater effect on limiting climb gradient than body weight.…”

“…The frogs were kept in aquaria that simulated natural habitats. The experiment was completed within 7 days of capture, and the frogs were returned to the original capture sites [14,19,25].…”

“…All frogs could climb corridors with slopes of 45 degrees, whereas 80% of frogs could not successfully navigate a slope of >60 degrees, with only 3 of the 40 frogs negotiating the highest gradient. Previous research indicates that frogs with a similar body size have similar abilities to jump or climb, namely the behavioral ability is positively correlated with body size [14,23,25,31]. The body lengths (the snout-vent length) and body weights of the frogs were selected as body-size indicators, and their effects on the limiting climb gradient of the frogs were evaluated.…”

“…Many amphibian species are currently undergoing population declines, range reductions, and even face regional extinction [11,12]. Habitat fragmentation is undoubtedly one of the primary causes of amphibian losses [13][14][15].…”

A New Design Concept of an Ecological Corridor for Frogs to Improve Ecological Conservation

“…The researchers tested their ability to climb at five different angles of the slope and found a link between amphibian reptile ability and the bank substrate, which included Japanese silver grass (Miscanthus floridulus) mixed with moss, cobblestone, wood (Philippine mahogany), clay, and concrete, under high humidity and different temperatures to simulate changes throughout the year. Chuang and Chang [21] compared the morphological characteristics of two Ranidae species, Rana latouchtii and Rana adenopleura, using grey system theory. One of the goals of the above study was to determine whether grey system theory can be used to improve understanding of the relation between R. latouchtii and R. adenopleura.…”