The Determinants of Female Labor Force Participation in the Middle East and North Africa Region: The Role of Education and Social Norms in Amman, Cairo, and Sana'a

Chamlou, Nadereh; Muzi, Silvia; Ahmed, Hanane

doi:10.1142/9781783267347_0012

Cited by 30 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…Other scholars studied the relation of education to labor participation like Chamlou et al (2011) The quality of education is harder to measure, but it has been assumed that progress in MENA's education system has been limited to the quantity of education (years of schooling), and little has been achieved in terms of quality (Isfahani et al, 2014). Though there has been inter country differences in terms of educational attainment, over all, this variation in performance suggests that country circumstances, institutions and policies have played a role in enhancing education achievement (Iqbal and Youssouf, 2014 The adult literacy rate by gender and enrollment at different levels of education is given diagram (No.3), which…”

Section: Gdp Per Capita Losses Attributable To Gender Gaps In the Labmentioning

confidence: 99%

Education, Employment and Gender Gap in Mena Region

Dandan

Marques

2017

Asian Economic and Financial Review

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Article HistoryEducation is central to human capital capacity-building, and major determinant of economic development, as it has long been considered as an important investment both for social and economic development. The Middle East and North African countries have been aware of the importance of education therefore considered it as a key part of their strategies and future planning; enrollments at different levels of education have improved dramatically over the past few decades. This study is an empirical investigation to the impact of different level of education attainment on employment level, labor force participation rate and gender gap of employment. For that purpose the cross section time series or panel data set consisting of 15 countries -where the data is comparable -has been taken. Panel data regression analysis has been carried out to find out the magnitude and direction of relationship between dependent and independent variables. Further Hausman test of specification has been applied for the selection between fixed effect model and random effect model. The main finding of this study, that there is negative relationship between educational attainment and male labor participation rate, while it is positive in case of females labor force. The study found also that with the improvement of educational attainment there has been a decrease employment gender gap. Contribution/ Originality:This study is one of the few studies which have examined the impact of educational attainment on employment, labor force participation rate and its role in closing the labor market gender gaps in MENA countries.

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Section: Gdp Per Capita Losses Attributable To Gender Gaps In the Labmentioning

confidence: 99%

Education, Employment and Gender Gap in Mena Region

Dandan

Marques

2017

Asian Economic and Financial Review

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“…It has been found that patterns of social organizations, the organization of the family and the kinship system play a major role in women's decision to participate in the labour force (Chamlou et al, 2011;Fernández, 2007). WLFPR varies considerably between developed and developing countries as well as across developing countries with the lowest female participation rate being recorded in the Middle East, North Africa and South Asia (Verick, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stigma of sexual violence and women’s decision to work

et al. 2018

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in AbstractOur study is motivated by two disturbing evidences concerning women in India. On one hand, crime against women is on the rise while on the other, women's labor force participation rate (WLFPR) has been declining over the last three decades. We estimate the extent to which the decline in WLFPR can be assigned to increasing instances of crime against women. We argue that an increase in crime against women, increases the non-pecuniary costs of traveling to work, particularly in a traditional society marked by stigma against victims of sexual crimes. Our findings suggest that women are less likely to work away from home in regions where the perceived threat of sexual * We thank the seminar participants at IIT-Kanpur, ISI-Delhi, University of Goettingen

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“…For instance, Chamlou (2008) explores women entrepreneurs' contribution to the social and economic development of the MENA region, and reviews the factors that promote women's entrepreneurship. Also, Chamlou et al (2011) examine the determinants of female labour force participation rates in Jordan, focusing on the role of social norms in reducing these rates. Hayo and Caris (2013) look into the role of identity, specifically religion and cultural traditions, in explaining the low rates of female labour force participation in the MENA region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also,Chamlou et al (2011) find that traditional social norms reduce women's participation in the labour market in Jordan.Econ Change Restruct…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Female employment in MENA’s manufacturing sector: the implications of firm-related and national factors

Fakih

Ghazalian

2015

Econ Change Restruct

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The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has realized significant advances toward improving women's well-being and social status over the last few decades. However, women's employment rate in the MENA region remains one of the lowest in the world. This paper examines the implications of firm-related and national factors for female employment in manufacturing firms located in the MENA region. The empirical analysis is implemented for firm-level data derived from the World Bank's Enterprise Surveys database. It uses fractional logit and other econometric models to perform the estimations for female overall employment, female non-production employment, and female employment in managerial positions. The results reveal significant implications of firm-related factors, such as private foreign ownership, exporting activities, firm size, and labour composition, for female employment. They also show that national factors, such as economic development and gender equality, promote female employment. There are considerable differences in the estimated marginal effects across female employment categories. This paper provides policy-makers with directions to design strategies aiming at enhancing women's economic opportunities and employment rates.

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The Determinants of Female Labor Force Participation in the Middle East and North Africa Region: The Role of Education and Social Norms in Amman, Cairo, and Sana'a

Cited by 30 publications

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Education, Employment and Gender Gap in Mena Region

Education, Employment and Gender Gap in Mena Region

Stigma of sexual violence and women’s decision to work

Female employment in MENA’s manufacturing sector: the implications of firm-related and national factors

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