The Development of an Instrument to Measure Motivation for Marathon Running: The Motivations of Marathoners Scales (MOMS)

Abstract

This study reports the development of an instrument to assess the motives of marathon runners. The Motivations of Marathoners Scales (MOMS) contains 56 items distributed across nine scales. Content areas covered included health orientation, weight concern, self-esteem, life meaning, psychological coping, affiliation, recognition, competition, and personal goal achievement. Adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha range .80 to .93), retest reliability (intraclass Rs range .71 to .90), and factorial validity of the scales were demonstrated. Assessment of the relationship between individual MOMS scales and other variables of conceptual relevance documents early evidence for the convergent and discriminant validity of the instrument. Future uses of the MOMS are discussed in light of theoretical, empirical, and practical considerations.

What predicts drive for muscularity in college students?

“…Similarly, one might expect DFM to relate to exercising for recognition motives, as those motives are concerned with exercising to earn the respect of peers, have people look up to them, and to make family or friends proud (Masters et al, 1993). Finally, DFM was also predicted by exercising for affiliation (e.g., socializing, meeting people) in men.…”

“…Students completed the Motivations for Marathoners Scale (MOMS; Masters, Ogles, & Jolton, 1993) revised to ask about general exercise motives. The MOMS groups exercise motives into the following categories: Health Orientation, Weight Concern, Personal Goal Achievement, Competition, Recognition, Affiliation, Psychological Coping, Life Meaning, and Self-esteem.…”

Variables predictoras de la percepción del éxito: aspectos diferenciales en corredores de ruta / Predictor Variables of the Perception of Success: Differential Aspects in Route Runners

“… Cuestionario de Percepción de Éxito; versión española de Cervelló (1996) Masters et al (1993). Contiene 7 escalas de motivaciones con 34 ítems que se interesan por los motivos para correr y que miden el grado de orientación motivacional para correr: orientación a la salud, peso, superación de metas personales-competición, reconocimiento, afiliación, meta psicológica y significado de la vida-autoestima.…”

“…El que ha generado un mayor número de investigaciones ha sido la motivación para entrenar y participar en carreras, coincidiendo la mayoría de ellas en que son las más autodeterminadas las predominantes (Masters, Ogles & Jolton, 1993;Ogles & Masters, 2000;y 2014aZarauz & Ruiz-Juan, 2013a). Otro constructo psicológico analizado ha sido su compromiso a correr (CC), entendido como el sano deseo de continuar la práctica del deporte (Scanlan, Carpenter, Schmidt, Simons y Keeler, 1993a;Scanlan, Simons, Carpenter, Schmidt y Keeler, 1993b), en el que igualmente se han obtenido valores altos en la mayoría de investigaciones (Carmack & Martens, 1979;Leedy, 2000;Thornton & Scott, 1995).…”

“…Incluso se ha analizado el papel mediador de diversas variables de entrenamiento y sociodemográficas en algunos de estos constructos psicológicos mencionados (Masters & Ogles, 1995;Masters, et al, 1993;Ogles & Masters, 2000;Ruiz-Juan & Zarauz, 2012a;Zarauz, Ruiz-Juan & Flores Allende, 2014;.…”