The Distribution of Cigarette Smoke Components between Mainstream and Sidestream Smoke: I. Acidic Components

Sakuma, Hirohiko; Kusama, Masayoshi; Munakata, Satoru; Ohsumi, Tomoko; Sugawara, Shirô

doi:10.2478/cttr-2013-0526

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Among many parameters, large uncertainties in the tobacco pyrolysis kinetic data and lack of including transport processes in the tobacco rod make quantitative comparison of numerical predictions and experimental measurements rather unrealistic. However, in this study such a comparison is tried with the experimental measurements conducted by Sakuma et al [23][24][25] and Johnson et al [26]. The simulation predictions of pyrolysis product evolution patterns for bright, burley and oriental tobaccos are overlaid in Fig.…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The disagreements between the results of this simulation and the values that experimentally exist could be attributed to several factors. (1) Tar during the [21][22][23][24]), (B) oriental tobacco (experimental data [21][22][23][24]) and (C) burley tobacco (experimental data [21][22][23][24]). smoldering experiences more secondary pyrolysis and cracking than during the puffing that is not considered in the model.…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2A and B under smoldering (15 K/s) and puffing (300 K/s) cases, respectively. Many of these suggested precursor-products routes have been obtained from individual pyrolysis studies [23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The prediction of the effects of tobacco type on smoke composition from the pyrolysis modeling of tobacco shreds

Hajaligol²,

Jeong

2005

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The prediction of the effects of tobacco type on smoke composition from the pyrolysis modeling of tobacco shreds

Hajaligol²,

Jeong

2005

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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“…The distribution of various cigarette mainstream smoke components of both flue-cured and Burley tobacco has been reported (Sakuma et al, 1983). According to the report, the amount of hydroquinone included in flue-cured tobacco was larger than that of Burley.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Expression of Heme Oxygenase-1 Gene in Human Alveolar Epithelial Cells Exposed to Cigarette Smoke Condensate

et al. 2006

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-Airway epithelium is exposed to inhaled exogenous sources. Injury of the alveolar epithelium by cigarette smoking is presumed to be an important process in the pathogenesis of smokingrelated pulmonary diseases. Current mechanistic assays that measure the toxicity of cigarette smoke focus on carcinogenesis. However, there is a need to design assays relevant to other disease processes. Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of many respiratory diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Therefore, we evaluated whether in vitro studies of cigarette smoking are appropriate to examine HO-1 mRNA expression. The human lung epithelial cell line A549 was exposed to the particulate fraction of cigarette smoke (Cigarette Smoke Condensate; CSC) and examined for the induction of HO-1 mRNA. HO-1 gene expression by CSC is increased dose-dependently. In comparison of the induction of HO-1 mRNA by CSC prepared from flue-cured or Burley tobacco, CSC from flue-cured tobacco seems to tend to induce an mRNA of HO-1 higher than CSC from Burley tobacco. The adaptation of HO-1 mRNA expression assay as a biologically relevant indicator of cigarette smoke-induced stress may be exemplified in this study whereby CSC derived from cigarette smoke positively correlated with an increase in HO-1 expression and the difference of the type of tobacco can be detected.

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“…Cigarette Sample and Smoking (see Table 1) The cigarettes used in this study were 70 mm unblended products, i. e. Bright, Burley, Turkish and domestic (c.v. Matsukawa), similar to those used in the previous study (1). Smoking was also accomplished with the apparatus and conditions described previously (1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Distribution of Cigarette Smoke Components between Mainstream and Sidestream Smoke: II. Bases

Sakuma

Kusama

Yamaguchi

et al. 1984

Beiträge Zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research

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SUMMARYYidds in sidestream smoke (SS) and mainstream smoke (MS) and sidestream smoke to mainstream smoke distribu~ tion ratios (SS/MS) of 34 bases were examined from four types of cigarettes made from Bright, Hurley, Turkish and domestic (c.v. Matsukawa) tobacco. Irrespective of to· bacco variety, major bases in sidestream smoke were am~ monia, nicotine, 3-vinylpyridine, pyridine and 3-hydroxypyridine, and those in mains.tream smoke were nicotine, 3-hydroxypyridine, ammonia, 3-picoline and pyridine. SS/ MS ratios of the bases were generally larger than 1.0 and the largest SS/MS ratio was that of ammonia, followed by those of 3-vinylpyridine, 3-cyanopyridine, nicotyrine and pyridine in that order. The preponderance of bases in sidestream smoke over mainstream smoke might be one of the major causes for the differences in aroma and irritation between sidenream smoke and mainstream smoke. Hauptstromrauch-Verbaltnis der Hasen lag im allgemeinen Uber 1,0, wobei fUr Ammoniak der hOcbste Wert gefunden wurde und 3· Vinylpyridin, 3-Cyanpyri· din, Nicotyrin und Pyridin mit jeweils abnehmenden Werten folgten. Der hinsichdich Aroma und Reizwirkung zwischen Haupt-und Nebenstromrauch :zu beobachtende Unterschied kOnnte unter anderem vor allem auch darin begriindet sein, daB im Nebenstromrauch Hasen in stirkerem AusmaB vorkommen als im Hauptstromrauch. RESUME Prellant des echantillons de cigarettes confectionnees a partir de 4 types de tabac differents (Virginie, Hurley, tabac turc et variete locale de tabac japonais Matsu· kawa), on determina 34 bases dans le courant principal (MS) et le courant secondaire (SS) de la fumee et l'on calcula le rapport flux secondaire I flux principal (SS/ MS). IndCpendamment du type de tabac etudie, les bases presentes en plus grandes quantites dans le courant secondaire de la fumee etaient: l'ammoniaque, la nicotine, la 3-vinylpyridine, la pyridine et la 3-hydroxypyridine, alors que, dans le courant principal, on trouvait surtout de la nicotine, de la 3-hydroxypyridine, de l'ammoniaque, de la 3-picoline et de la pyridine. Le rap· port flux secondaire I flux principal, concernant les bases, se situait generalement au-dessus de 1,0; le taux le plus eleve fut atteint par l'ammoniaque suivie dans l'ordre par la 3-vinylpyridine, la 3-cyanopyridine, la nicotyrine et la pyridine. Les differences observees entre la fumee du ,flux principal et la fumee du flux secondaire, eu egard a l'arOme et a l'effect irritant, pourraient s'expliquer entre autres, par une plus grande quantitC de bases contenue dans le flux secondaire plutOt que dans le flux principal.

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The Distribution of Cigarette Smoke Components between Mainstream and Sidestream Smoke: I. Acidic Components

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

The prediction of the effects of tobacco type on smoke composition from the pyrolysis modeling of tobacco shreds

The prediction of the effects of tobacco type on smoke composition from the pyrolysis modeling of tobacco shreds

Analysis of the Expression of Heme Oxygenase-1 Gene in Human Alveolar Epithelial Cells Exposed to Cigarette Smoke Condensate

The Distribution of Cigarette Smoke Components between Mainstream and Sidestream Smoke: II. Bases

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