1987
DOI: 10.1139/m87-134
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The ecological role of killer yeasts in natural communities of yeasts

Abstract: The killer phenomenon of yeasts was investigated in naturally occurring yeast communities. Yeast species from communities associated with the decaying stems and fruits of cactus and the slime fluxes of trees were studied for production of killer toxins and sensitivity to killer toxins produced by other yeasts. Yeasts found in decaying fruits showed the highest incidence of killing activity (30/112), while yeasts isolated from cactus necroses and tree fluxes showed lower activity (70/699 and 11/140, respectivel… Show more

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Cited by 159 publications
(124 citation statements)
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“…Many bacterial systems are characterized by relatively frequent horizontal genetic transfer of toxin and resistance genes, particularly when these are located on conjugative plasmids, and the evidence on bacterial toxin systems indeed suggests that the majority of strains typically produces only a few toxins but are resistant to many (9). On the other hand, among yeast strains transfer of genes coding for toxin production and resistance (often located on symbiotic dsRNA virus-like particles) probably is very rare, and here the evidence, although not so extensive as for bacterial systems, points to monotoxicity and absence of multiple resistances (6,11,12). It would be very interesting to find out empirically whether yeast communities in fact may exhibit a spatially quasi-frozen mosaic pattern.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 64%
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“…Many bacterial systems are characterized by relatively frequent horizontal genetic transfer of toxin and resistance genes, particularly when these are located on conjugative plasmids, and the evidence on bacterial toxin systems indeed suggests that the majority of strains typically produces only a few toxins but are resistant to many (9). On the other hand, among yeast strains transfer of genes coding for toxin production and resistance (often located on symbiotic dsRNA virus-like particles) probably is very rare, and here the evidence, although not so extensive as for bacterial systems, points to monotoxicity and absence of multiple resistances (6,11,12). It would be very interesting to find out empirically whether yeast communities in fact may exhibit a spatially quasi-frozen mosaic pattern.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 64%
“…Pioneering work (13,14) on the ecological and evolutionary aspects of antimicrobial toxin excretion has demonstrated that competition between a colicinogenic and a sensitive strain of E. coli results in the final exclusion of one or the other depending on their initial proportions. Theoretical work (15,16) on competition between colicinproducing and -sensitive strains seems to be in line with these results, but other sets of empirical data show a very different picture: small-scale coexistence of toxin-producing and -sensitive strains has been reported in a number of natural and laboratory systems (6,12,17). One theoretical explanation for killer-sensitive polymorphism within a single species invokes microscale habitat segregation such that sensitive strains do better in poor-quality habitats, and toxin producers do better in rich habitats (18).…”
Section: Effects Of Excreted Toxins On Diversity: Inconclusive Experimentioning
confidence: 71%
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“…Killer toxins were first discovered in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Makower & Bevan (1963) and they have since been found in numerous other yeast genera (Philliskirk & Young, 1975; Stumm et al, 1977;Rosini, 1983Rosini, , 1985Starmer et al, 1987). Through the following years, killer yeasts and their toxins found applications in several fields.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%