The Effect of Amphotericin B on the Lifespan, Body-surface Protein Concentrations, and DNA Methylation Levels of Honey Bees (Apis mellifera)

Strachecka, Aneta; Borsuk, Grzegorz; Olszewski, Krzysztof; Paleolog, Jerzy; Gagoś, Mariusz; Chobotow, Jacek; Nawrocka, Agnieszka; Gryzińska, Magdalena; Bajda, M.

doi:10.2478/v10289-012-0028-4

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Global DNA methylation levels increased in the bees with age and were always markedly higher in the workers treated with bromfenvinphos. A similar affect was observed in the case of amphotericin B treatment (Strachecka et al., ). Sosnowska et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…DNA methylation levels increase in response to stress caused by environmental pollution (Flores et al., ). They decrease, in turn, after supplementation with biostimulators (e.g., caffeine, curcumin; Strachecka et al., , ) and increase after treating honeybees with antibiotics (e.g., amphotericin B; Strachecka et al., ). Therefore, we suppose that bromfenvinphos may increase global DNA methylation levels, changing its age‐related fluctuation pattern (hypothesis 3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Varroa treatment with bromfenvinphos markedly suppresses honeybee biochemical defence levels

Strachecka

Olszewski

Paleolog

2016

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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We examined the influence of bromfenvinphos, a commonly used acaricide, on activities of many metabolic enzymes affecting the biochemical defences/physiology of the western honeybee, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), as well as on some metabolic compound concentrations, percentage of global DNA methylation, and Nosema spp. infection levels. Bromfenvinphos-treated workers had decreased haemolymph volumes and higher protein concentrations on their cuticle but lower protein concentrations in the haemolymph. They had higher global DNA methylation levels independent of the age-related variants. Bromfenvinphos decreased the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx, CAT, GST), acidic, neutral, and alkaline protease inhibitors and enzymatic physiological markers (AST, ALT, ALP), and concentrations of urea, uric acid, creatinine, cholesterol, glucose, Mg 2+ , and Ca 2+ in worker haemolymph, depending on the age of the bees. Protease activities were higher only in the haemolymph of young bromfenvinphos-treated bees in comparison with untreated bees. This compound decreased the activities of alkaline proteases and neutral protease inhibitors on the cuticle. Unexpectedly, in the treated bees, the activities of acidic and neutral proteases, and acidic and alkaline protease inhibitors, were higher in the young bees and lower in the older workers in comparison to the untreated group. The bromfenvinphos-treated workers were more heavily infested with Nosema spp. Thus, bromfenvinphos not only supressed many levels of biochemical defences, and therefore stress-resistance-related biochemical pathways but also visibly increased the Nosema spp. infection levels.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Varroa treatment with bromfenvinphos markedly suppresses honeybee biochemical defence levels

Strachecka

Olszewski

Paleolog

2016

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…Substancje, które słabo się rozpuszczają, mogą być natomiast podane razem z ciastem pyłkowo-miodowym. Inną drogą podania mogą być także iniekcje lub zastosowanie oprysku -owady zlizują z powierzchni swojego ciała wodę z rozpuszczonymi w niej związkami (117,125,128). Do tej pory na pszczołach miodnych przebadano już różne substancje będące składnikami leków ludzkich, np.…”

Section: Analizy Leków Suplementów Diety I Preparatów Medycznych Lubunclassified

Honey bee as an alternative model invertebrate organism

Łoś¹,

Bieńkowska²,

Strachecka³

2025

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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Insects perfectly fit the flagship principle of animal research – 3R: to reduce (the number of animals), to replace (animals with alternative models) and to refine (methods). Bees have the most important advantages of a model organism: they cause minimal ethical controversy, they have a small and fully known genome, and they permit the use of many experimental techniques. Bees have a fully functional DNMT toolkit. Therefore, they are used as models in biomedical/genetic research, e.g. in research on the development of cancer or in the diagnostics of mental and neuroleptic diseases in humans. The reversion of aging processes in bees offers hope for progress in gerontology research. The cellular mechanisms of learning and memory coding, as well as the indicators of biochemical immunity parameters, are similar or analogous to those in humans, so bees may become useful in monitoring changes in behavior and metabolism. Bees are very well suited for studies on the dose of the substance applied to determine the lethal dose or the effect of a formula on life expectancy. Honeybees have proven to be an effective tool for studying the effects of a long-term consumption of stimulants, as well as for observing behavioral changes and developing addictions at the individual and social levels, as well as for investigating the effects of continuously delivering the same dose of a substance. The genomic and physiological flexibility of bees in dividing tasks among workers in a colony makes it possible to create a Single- Cohort Colony (SCC) in which peers compared perform different tasks. Moreover behavioral methods (e.g. Proboscis Extension Reflex – PER, Sting Extension Reflex – SER, free flying target discrimination tasks or the cap pushing response) make it possible to analyse changes occurring in honeybee brains during learning and remembering. Algorithms of actions are created based on the behavior of a colony or individual, e.g. Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm (ABCA). Honeybees are also model organisms for profiling the so-called intelligence of a swarm or collective intelligence. Additionally, they serve as models for guidance systems and aviation technologies. Bees have inspired important projects in robotics, such as B-droid, Robobee and The Green Brain Project. It has also been confirmed that the apian sense of smell can be used to detect explosive devices, such as TNT, or drugs (including heroin, cocaine, amphetamines and cannabis). This inconspicuous little insect can revolutionize the world of science and contribute to the solution of many scientific problems as a versatile model.

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“…Metaloproteazy i ich inhibitory odkryto w hemolimfie larw Galleria mellonella (48) oraz u Drosophila melanogaster (6). Wykazano, że pełnią one wraz z innymi proteazami i inhibitorami bardzo ważną funkcję, włącza-jąc się w mechanizmy odporności nieswoistej owadów (15,34,39).…”

Section: Metaloproteazy I Ich Inhibitory U Owadówunclassified

“…Z kolei u robotnic cały zestaw tych białek zaczyna być aktywny po poddaniu ich presji wielu niekorzystnych czynników środowiskowych np. : zanieczyszczenia środowiska (38), antybiotyków (34), chemioterapeutyków używanych do zwalczania warrozy (42,44), przetrzymywania pszczół w klatkach podczas badań biomedycznych, a także inwazji patogenów (39). Na jakość bariery proteolitycznej kutikuli pszczół można wpływać korzystnie np.…”

Section: Metaloproteazy I Ich Inhibitory U Owadówunclassified

Mammalian and insect metalloproteases

Bajda¹,

Łoś²,

Schulz³

et al. 2016

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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Metalloproteases (metalloproteinases, MMP) digest extracellular matrix proteins. They have zinc ions (Zn2+) in their active site. They are synthesized within cells as proenzymes, to be subsequently activated in the extracellular environment. MMP are active in a neutral or slightly alkaline pH in the presence of Ca2+ ions. Cells that synthesize metalloproteases also produce metalloprotease inhibitors. Until now, 4 of MMP inhibitors as well as 28 endometalloproteases have been discovered, out of which 22 occur in humans. On the other hand, these enzymes have not been well explored in insects, in which only 2 metalloproteases were identified (Ance and ECE). Their optimal activity ranges between pH 7.0 and 9.4. MMP inhibitors control the concentration of metalloproteases in physiological conditions. They fall within two types: specific tissue MMP inhibitors and non-specific plasma MMP inhibitors. Metalloproteases and their inhibitors play an important role in both physiological and pathological processes in the organism. Metalloproteases are cell growth promotors. They inhibit/induce apoptosis, stimulate the development of healthy cells and control the activity of neoplastic cells both in people and in insects. Their activity is increased in skin and periodontal diseases, in arthritis, arteriosclerosis or in the period following myocardial infarction. In insects the activity of MMPs is also increased by environmental pollution, by the use of antibiotics and varroacides. The insect MMPs participate in digestion, biosynthesis of peptide hormones and neurotransmitters, and melanisation. They also affect the development of the reproductive system and the development of larvae and pupae, as well as prevent pathogen invasions. Worthy of special attention is the insect cuticle defensive barrier associated with MMP. Activation of metalloproteases is dependent on the physiological state of the organism, as well as on environmental pressure. Analyzing activities of metalloproteases and their inhibitors enables better monitoring of the pathological conditions in both insects and mammals.

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The Effect of Amphotericin B on the Lifespan, Body-surface Protein Concentrations, and DNA Methylation Levels of Honey Bees (Apis mellifera)

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Varroa treatment with bromfenvinphos markedly suppresses honeybee biochemical defence levels

Varroa treatment with bromfenvinphos markedly suppresses honeybee biochemical defence levels

Honey bee as an alternative model invertebrate organism

Mammalian and insect metalloproteases

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