The Effect of Apparent Latency on Simulator Sickness While Using a See-Through Helmet-Mounted Display

Buker, Timothy J.; Vincenzi, Dennis A.; Deaton, John E.

doi:10.1177/0018720811428734

Cited by 51 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Moreover, latency can disturb the user performance and cause simulator sickness (Steed, 2008). Predictive compensation can be utilized to reduce apparent latency, resulting in a lower magnitude of simulator sickness (Buker et al, 2012).…”

Section: How Latency Influences Effectiveness Of Training Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative Effects of Real-world and Virtual-World Latency on an Augmented Reality Training Task: An AR Simulation Experiment

et al. 2017

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In augmented reality (AR), virtual objects and information are overlaid onto the user's view of the physical world and can appear to become part of the real-world. Accurate registration of virtual objects is a key requirement for an effective and natural AR system, but misregistration can break the illusion of virtual objects being part of the real-world and disrupt immersion. End-to-end system latency severely impacts the quality of AR registration. In this research, we present a controlled study that aims at a deeper understanding of the effects of latency on virtual and real-world imagery and its influences on task performance in an AR training task. We utilize an AR simulation approach, in which an outdoor AR training task is simulated in a high-fidelity virtual reality (VR) system. The real and augmented portions of the AR training scenarios are simulated in VR, affording us detailed control over a variety of immersion parameters and the ability to explore the effects of different types of simulated latency. We utilized a representative task inspired by outdoor AR military training systems to compare various AR system configurations, including optical see-through and video see-through setups with both matched and unmatched levels of real and virtual objects latency. Our findings indicate that users are able to perform significantly better when virtual and real-world latencies are matched (as in the case of simulated video see-through AR with perfect augmentation-to-real-world registration). Unequal levels of latency led to reduction in performance, even when overall latency levels were lower compared to the matched case. The relative results hold up with increased overall latency.

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Section: How Latency Influences Effectiveness Of Training Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative Effects of Real-world and Virtual-World Latency on an Augmented Reality Training Task: An AR Simulation Experiment

et al. 2017

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“…According to various studies, in virtual environments, high-latency that can result from low frame rates can lead to reduced sense of presence [55], impaired task performance, reduced user response [56][57] or simulator sickness [58]. It has been determined by some authors [59] that the critical end-to-end latency is at 17ms, but other authors [60] found this threshold to be even lower.…”

Section: Cyber Sickness -Symptoms Causes and Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyber Sickness in Virtual Reality - Literature Review

Martirosov¹,

Kopeček²

2017

DAAAM Proceedings

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In this paper, we present a review of the major issue of Virtual Reality -Cyber Sickness. As Virtual Reality becomes more and more popular and advanced technology, it is being used in a variety of areas, such as military, surgery, schools, etc. for training and education. Although at this point, Virtual Reality technology has multiple problems to overcome, Cyber Sickness issue is one of the most difficult ones, as it is closely linked to our physiology and Virtual Reality technology as well. Cyber Sickness symptoms are very similar to those of Motion Sickness, but are caused by Virtual Reality Environments. Due to its potential harm to human health, it is important to know the causes of this issue and possible ways to combat it. In this paper, we will highlight what aspects of Virtual Reality technology cause these symptoms and their outcomes.

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“…When latency increases, the user experiences decreased visual acuity, decreased performance, decreased presence and is less susceptible to training [18]. Increased latency is also associated with increased levels of simulator sickness [19]. Stress effects also increase with added latency [20].…”

Section: Effects Of Latencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving in Virtual Reality: Investigations in Effects of Latency and Level of Virtuality

Blissing¹

2016

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When developing new active safety systems or improving existing systems, conducting performance evaluations is necessary. By performing these evaluations during early development stages, potential problems can be identified and mitigated before the system moves into the production phase.Testing active safety systems can be difficult since the characteristic scenarios may have complex interactions. Using real vehicles for performing these types of scenarios is difficult, expensive, and potentially dangerous. Alternative methods, such as using inflatable targets, scale models, computer simulations or driving simulators, also suffer from drawbacks. Consequently, using virtual reality as an alternative to the traditional methods has been proposed. In this case, a real vehicle is driven while wearing a head-mounted display that presents the scenario to the driver.This research aims to investigate the potential of such technology. Specifically, this work investigates how the chosen technology affects the driver. This investigation has been conducted through a literature review. A test platform was constructed, and two user studies using normal drivers were performed. The first study focused on the effects of visual time delays on driver behavior. This study revealed that lateral behavior changes with added time delays, whereas longitudinal behavior appears unaffected. The second study investigated how driver behavior is affected by different modes of virtuality. This study demonstrated that drivers perceived mixed reality as more difficult than virtual reality.The main contribution of this work is the detailed understanding of how time delays and different modes of virtuality affect drivers. This is important knowledge for selecting which scenarios are suitable for evaluation using virtual reality. Keywords PapersThe following four appended papers are arranged in chronological order of publication and will be referred to by their Roman numerals. All papers are printed in their original published state with the exception of minor errata and changes in text and figure layout in order to maintain consistency throughout the thesis. In papers [I], [II], [III] and [IV], the first author is the main author, responsible for the work presented, with additional support from the co-authors. A short summary of each paper can be found in chapter 4.[I] Björn Blissing, Fredrik Bruzelius, and Johan Ölvander." [VIII] Lars Eriksson, Lisa Palmqvist, Jonas Andersson Hultgren, Björn Blissing, and Steven Nordin. "Performance and presence with head-movement produced motion parallax in simulated driving".

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The Effect of Apparent Latency on Simulator Sickness While Using a See-Through Helmet-Mounted Display

Abstract: Potential applications include HMD use in which head position is tracked and visual imagery is linked to head or body movement, such as in virtual and augmented reality systems, and is thus critical to functionality and performance.

Cited by 51 publications

References 40 publications

Relative Effects of Real-world and Virtual-World Latency on an Augmented Reality Training Task: An AR Simulation Experiment

Relative Effects of Real-world and Virtual-World Latency on an Augmented Reality Training Task: An AR Simulation Experiment

Cyber Sickness in Virtual Reality - Literature Review

Driving in Virtual Reality: Investigations in Effects of Latency and Level of Virtuality

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