The effect of certain antibiotics on reproduction of the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scop.

Abstract

0.2 yo concentration was consistently effective in greatly reducing the populations of Aphis fabae on Vicia faba when sprayed on larvae on and off the plant. The insects were not killed, but their fertility was decreased by over 97 % in the first generation, leading to total sterility in the second generation. At 0-01 % concentration, terramycin was not effective and only moderately so at 0.1 yo Larval development was invariably delayed by I day and the weight and size of the resulting adults were significantly reduced. After the most effective treatments, the adults were very inactive in their feeding and excretion, and sometimes became completely sterile. Even when the aphids reproduced, they ceased to do so after 6-10 days in different terramycin treatments and frequently the larvae were born dead. The affected insects could not, apparently, regain their reproductive capacity even after their transfer to untreated plants.When the insects were sprayed on the plants, terramycin in water was as effective as with surfactants: but when the insects were sprayed off the plants an oxyethyl phenol derivative (NP 10) greatly increased the efficiency of terramycin: surfactants alone had no effect on the insects.The other four antibiotics, namely tetracycline, aureomycin, chloramphenicol and reverin were not effective at the 0-2 yo concentration when the plants alone were sprayed before introducing the apids. The addition of glycerin to the antibiotics and keeping plants in a high humidity for 24 hr.after the treatment also had no effect.

Tyrosine pathway regulation is host-mediated in the pea aphid symbiosis during late embryonic and early larval development

“…The importance of B. aphidicola nutritional complementation was initially indicated by the observation that aposymbiotic aphids (in which the symbiotic bacteria have been depleted using an antibiotic treatment) show significantly reduced growth and reproductive rates [18-22]. A. pisum has been extensively used in laboratory studies and its genome has been recently sequenced and annotated [23].…”

Effects of contaminants of emerging concern on Myzus persicae (Sulzer, Hemiptera: Aphididae) biology and on their host plant, Capsicum annuum

“…*** denotes a significant (α < 0.05) difference relative to the control or sequester xenobiotics in tissues other than phloem, thereby removing the CEC exposure to aphids (Huber et al 2009;Wu et al 2015). As aphid species rely heavily on the endosymbiont Buchnera species to grow and develop, many aphid populations treated with high concentrations of antibiotics will not survive (Harries and Mattson 1963;Jayaraj et al 1967). However, aphid microbial communities were not affected when treated with antibiotics and other CECs at the low concentrations found in reclaimed water, which is possibly why there were no discernable effects on the aphid population as a whole.…”

“…The aphid microbiome has been extensively studied and is well understood, making aphids excellent models for microbial community and biological research (Davis and Landis 1948;Singh and Singh 2016;Sorensen 2009;Sylvester 1954). Previous research has determined that antibiotics can reduce fecundity, reduce population growth, and increase mortality of aphids (Baumann et al 2013;Douglas 1998;Harries and Mattson 1963;Jayaraj et al 1967). Previous findings were usually due to the reduction of Buchnera, a key symbiont that provides required nutrients the aphids cannot make themselves or acquire from their diet (Douglas 1998).…”

Temperature requirements of Sitobion avenae (F.) necessary for ecological studies, by assessing methods for the estimation of instar duration

“…Aphids avoided walking off the leaf-pieces; although a relative high proportion of aphids did drop in the experiment conducted at 1 0 T , few of them dropped into the nutrient solution at higher temperatures. The nutrient solution used was the modified Hoagland-Snyder solution of HUGHES and WOOLCOCK (1965) but with the omission of streptomycin sulphate, since antibiotics have been shown to destroy aphids mycetomes and become toxic to the aphids (HARRIES and MATTSON, 1963;JAYARAJ et al 1967). Nutrient solution and leaf-pieces were replaced every 2 days and the plastic pots were cleaned carefully between experiments to restrict bacterial growth.…”