The Effect of COVID-19 on the Efficiency of Intercity Bus Operation: The Case of Chungnam

Kim, Wonchul; Hong, Sung Hyo

doi:10.3390/su13115958

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The dependent variables used to compare and analyze the psychological errors of the golf participants were instructor expertise, instructor credibility, and lesson participation intention. For instructor expertise, this study modified the factors previously used by Kim D. H. (2013), Hwang (2019), and Lee (2009) to analyze participants' perceptions of instructor expertise. This study developed 14 survey questions based on four sub-factors (performance, teaching skills, personality and ethics, insight, and analytical ability).…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of golf instructors’ professional certification levels on amateur golfers’ perception of instructor expertise, instructor credibility, and lesson participation intention: testing placebo and nocebo effects

Yang,

Jung

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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This study investigated the differences in amateur golfers’ perceptions of instructor expertise, instructor credibility, and lesson participation intention depending on the golf instructor’s certification level to investigate whether placebo and nocebo effects exist depending on the certification level. Accordingly, the study analyzed 153 amateur golfers with at least 1 year of playing experience, and the results were as follows: First, there was a difference in the perception of instructor expertise among amateur golfers depending on the golf instructor’s certification level. Specifically, there were significant differences in perceived performance and teaching skills but no differences in personality and emphasis on basic principles. Second, the participants reported significant differences in their perceptions of instructor credibility depending on the instructor’s certification level. Instructor credibility of the tournament professional group was the highest, whereas that of the amateur group was the lowest. Third, the results showed differences in lesson participation intention among amateur golfers depending on the instructor’s certification level. Lesson participation intention was higher for semi-professional and tournament professional instructors than for amateur instructors. These results verified the presence of psychological biases, such as placebo/nocebo effects, that result in differences in the perception of instructor expertise, instructor credibility, and lesson participation intention depending on the certification level of instructors. Additionally, based on the data obtained from this study, further research is required to improve the performance of golf instructors and create an efficient teaching environment.

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Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of golf instructors’ professional certification levels on amateur golfers’ perception of instructor expertise, instructor credibility, and lesson participation intention: testing placebo and nocebo effects

Yang,

Jung

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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“…The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic has significantly affected the demand for passenger transport services in most countries [1][2][3], including Poland [4]. This phenomenon is noticeable in all types of passenger transport, such as rail [5], bus [6,7], air [8], taxi [9], and public transport [10]. One of the reasons for this is that the work of schools and universities was suspended, and school pupils and university students constitute a large group of passengers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scenarios for the Development of Polish Passenger Transport Services in Pandemic Conditions

et al. 2021

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The article presents a prediction regarding the development of passenger transport services, considering random factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic situation, based on scenario methods. The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic has significantly affected the way passenger transport services are provided, mainly due to sanitary restrictions imposed by epidemiological services. At the same time, the communication behaviour of travellers has also changed, which in turn has influenced the demand for these services. The following study investigates transport service future development issues from multiple perspectives, including demand analysis, the selection of major factors influencing the development of passenger transport for individual Polish passengers using an online questionnaire, and scenario designs. The main purpose of this article is to build various scenarios for the development of passenger transport, considering changes in the demand for these services and factors related to their perception by the users of the means of transport. The main factors influencing the future development of passenger transport and the possible scenarios can support public transport service providers in planning their services in the post-shutdown phase as well as in their respective modelling development requirements. This can support the planning process with decision-making based on future behavioural trends.

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Multi-Parametric Investigations on Aerodynamic Force, Aeroacoustic, and Engine Energy Utilizations Based Development of Intercity Bus Associates with Various Drag Reduction Techniques through Advanced Engineering Approaches

Wang

Raja²,

Madasamy³

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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The impacts of conflicting aerodynamic forces and side drifting forces are the primary unstable elements in automobiles. The action of an unstable environment in automobile vehicles increases the chance of an accident occurring. As a result, much study is required to determine how opposing aerodynamic forces and side drifting force affects function, as well as how to deal with them for safe and smooth navigation. In this work, an intercity bus is chosen as a main object, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is used to estimate aerodynamic forces on the bus in all major directions. Experimentation is also carried out for validation reasons. CFD findings for a scaled base model and a dimple-loaded model based on experimental results from a subsonic wind tunnel are demonstrated to be correct. The drag forces generated by CFD simulations on test models are carefully compared to the experimental drag findings of same-dimensioned models. The error percentages between the results of these two methods are acquired and the percentages are determined to be within an acceptable range of significant limitations. Following these validations, CATIA is used to create a total of nine distinct models, the first of which is a standard intercity bus, whereas the other eight models are fitted with drag reduction techniques such as dimples, riblets, and fins on the surface of their upper cumulus side. A sophisticated computational tool, ANSYS Fluent 17.2, is used to estimate the comparative assessments of the predictions of aerodynamic force fluctuations on bus models. Finally, dimples on the top and side surfaces of the bus model (DESIGN–I) are proposed as a more efficient model than other models because dimples are a vital component that may lower pressure drag on the bus by 18% in the main flow direction and up to 43% in the sideslip direction. Furthermore, by minimizing the different aerodynamic force sources without impacting the preparatory needs, the proposed model may provide comfortable travel. The real-time bus is created, and the finalized drag reduction is applied to the optimized places over the whole bus model. In addition, five distinct size-based bus models are developed and studied in terms of aerodynamic forces, necessary energy to resist aerodynamic drag, required forward force for successful movement, instantaneous demand for particular power, and fuel consumption rate. Finally, the formation of aeroacoustic noise owing to turbulence is estimated using sophisticated computer simulation. Last, for real-time applications, multi-parametric studies based on appropriate intercity buses are established.

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The Effect of COVID-19 on the Efficiency of Intercity Bus Operation: The Case of Chungnam

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of golf instructors’ professional certification levels on amateur golfers’ perception of instructor expertise, instructor credibility, and lesson participation intention: testing placebo and nocebo effects

Effects of golf instructors’ professional certification levels on amateur golfers’ perception of instructor expertise, instructor credibility, and lesson participation intention: testing placebo and nocebo effects

Scenarios for the Development of Polish Passenger Transport Services in Pandemic Conditions

Multi-Parametric Investigations on Aerodynamic Force, Aeroacoustic, and Engine Energy Utilizations Based Development of Intercity Bus Associates with Various Drag Reduction Techniques through Advanced Engineering Approaches

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