The effect of ethanol-gasoline blends on performance and exhaust emissions of a spark ignition engine through exergy analysis

Doğan, Battal; Erol, Derviş; Yaman, Hayri; Kodanlı, Evren

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.04.012

Cited by 148 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Due to the growing energy demand, the increasing fuel prices, the severe air pollution issues in city centers, and the more restrictive environmental regulations to the road transport sector, nations worldwide Many authors have studied the performance of spark-ignition engines on engine-dynamometers, when they operate with ethanol-gasoline blends, controlling the fuel-air ratio, under steady-state conditions. These studies have found that the use of blends with low concentrations of ethanol (<20% v/v ethanol) have a negligible effect on the power and torque generated by the engine [9][10][11]. Likewise, a negligible effect on CO 2 emissions and a slight reduction on CO, NOx and HC emissions has been found [4,9,12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Ref. [9] used blends of gasoline and E30 and found that the full-load power of a four-cylinder engine is slightly diminished (up to 3%) as the ethanol content increases in the fuel. Ref.…”

Section: Power and Torquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies have found that the use of blends with low concentrations of ethanol (<20% v/v ethanol) have a negligible effect on the power and torque generated by the engine [9][10][11]. Likewise, a negligible effect on CO 2 emissions and a slight reduction on CO, NOx and HC emissions has been found [4,9,12,13]. However, the validity of these results is limited to the particular conditions under which the tests were carried out and by the reduced number of engines tested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Using Ethanol-Gasoline Blends on the Mechanical, Energy and Environmental Performance of In-Use Vehicles

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The use of ethanol in gasoline has become a worldwide tendency as an alternative to reduce net CO 2 emissions to the atmosphere, increasing gasoline octane rating and reducing dependence on petroleum products. However, recently environmental authorities in large urban centers have expressed their concerns on the true effect of using ethanol blends of up to 20% v/v in in-use vehicles without any modification in the setup of the engine control unit (ECU), and on the variations of these effects along the years of operation of these vehicles. Their main concern is the potential increase in the emissions of volatile organic compounds with high ozone formation potential. To address these concerns, we developed analytical and experimental work testing engines under steady-conditions. We also tested carbureted and fuel-injected vehicles every 10,000 km during their first 100,000 km of operation. We measured the effect of using ethanol-gasoline blends on the power and torque generated, the fuel consumption and CO 2 , CO, NOx and unburned hydrocarbon emissions, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, benzene and 1,3-butadiene which are considered important ozone precursors. The obtained results showed statistically no significant differences in these variables when vehicles operate with a blend of 20% v/v ethanol and 80% v/v gasoline (E20) instead of gasoline. Those results remained unchanged during the first 100,000 km of operation of the vehicles. We also observed that when the vehicles operated with E20 at high engine loads, they showed a tendency to operate with greater values of λ (ratio of the actual air-fuel ratio to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio) when compared to their operation with gasoline. According to the Eco-Indicator-99, these results represent a minor reduction (<1.3%) on the impact to human health, and on the deterioration of the ecosystem. However, it implies a 12.9% deterioration of the natural resources. Thermal equilibrium analysis, at the tailpipe conditions (~100 • C), showed that ethane, formaldehyde, ethylene and ethanol are the most relevant VOCs in terms of the amount of mass emitted. The use of ethanol in the gasoline reduced 20-40% of those emissions. These reductions implied an average reduction of 17% in the ozone formation potential.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Ref. [9] used blends of gasoline and E30 and found that the full-load power of a four-cylinder engine is slightly diminished (up to 3%) as the ethanol content increases in the fuel. Ref.…”

Section: Power and Torquementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Using Ethanol-Gasoline Blends on the Mechanical, Energy and Environmental Performance of In-Use Vehicles

et al. 2018

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“…In this connection, the world has faced the need to develop and implement large-scale comprehensive measures to prevent and neutralize the negative consequences that motorization generates [15][16][17][18][19], as well as reduce the toxicity of automobile engines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emissions of exhaust gases and health of the person

Germanova

Kernozhitskaya

2017

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Abstract. The auto-road complex brings the considerable contribution to pollution and adverse change of environment. Influence of exhaust gases of cars is at the bottom of occurrence and developments of various forms of diseases. Every townsman feels the negative influence rendered by motor transport on himself. The modern city dweller is so accustomed to the smell of exhaust gases that he does not even notice it at all, continues to breathe a poisonous mixture, while neither the car nor the road can be isolated from the habitats of people. The higher the population density, the higher the need for motor transport. The health effects of emissions of exhaust gases and vapors, including regulated and unregulated pollutants, are discussed in this article.

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“…Dogan et al [16] examined the influences of ethanolgasoline blends on the formation of exhaust emissions and performance characteristics of a SI engine based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics. It was reported that ethanol addition into the gasoline provided reduction in carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOX) emissions but an increment in hydrocarbon (HC) emission was observed.…”

Section: Effect Of Water On Micro-emulsion Fuel and Work Done During mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation on multi-cylinder SI engine fueled conventional gasoline, ethanol blends, and micro-emulsion as an alternative fuel

Qadiri¹,

Wani²

2019

MMEP

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In this contribution the two alternative fuels, firstly blended fuel of ethanol and gasoline (i.e. E15%+Gasoline 85%), and secondly, micro-emulsion (i.e. Gasoline 90%, E8% and H2O 2%) were compared with conventional 100% Gasoline fuel for checking the performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of 3-Cylinder SI engine experimentally. The blended fuel containing 15% ethanol with 85% gasoline and the micro-emulsion based fuel which contains H2O molecule in addition to simple blending were prepared in the lab, and both the fuels were tested experimentally on a 3-cylinder SI engine based test rig in order to find out which alternative fuel is more efficient in terms of performance and emission characteristics. The results depicted that although both the micro-emulsion based fuel and the blended fuel showed reduction in power as compared to conventional 100% Gasoline fuel, but the emissions were least for the micro-emulsion based fuel followed by the blended fuel. The CO, HC, and NOx emission decreased for both ethanol blended gasoline fuel and the micro-emulsion based fuel as compared to the 100% Gasoline. The injected water in the micro-emulsion fuel reduces the temperature inside the combustion chamber which is responsible for this decrease in NOx emission. For combustion analysis, pressure v/s the crank-angle showed slight decrease for the blended fuel (i.e. 15% ethanol with 85% Gasoline) and the micro-emulsion based fuel (i.e. Gasoline 90%, E8% and H2O 2%) as compared to the conventional 100% gasoline fuel. This can again be attributed to the fact that the micro-emulsion based fuel has a lower combustion chamber temperature compared to the conventional 100% Gasoline.

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The effect of ethanol-gasoline blends on performance and exhaust emissions of a spark ignition engine through exergy analysis

Cited by 148 publications

References 29 publications

The Effect of Using Ethanol-Gasoline Blends on the Mechanical, Energy and Environmental Performance of In-Use Vehicles

The Effect of Using Ethanol-Gasoline Blends on the Mechanical, Energy and Environmental Performance of In-Use Vehicles

Emissions of exhaust gases and health of the person

Experimental investigation on multi-cylinder SI engine fueled conventional gasoline, ethanol blends, and micro-emulsion as an alternative fuel

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