The Effect of Inert Fuel Compounds on Flame Characteristics

Hudák, Igor; Skryja, Pavel; Bojanovský, Jiří; Jegla, Z.; Krňávek, Martin

doi:10.3390/en15010262

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…One of the areas of research in the field of searching for and studying the properties of new types of materials based on oxide matrices is the creation of composite structures having several types of phases-the so-called cermets-which have a set of properties of components used in their production as well as increased resistance to external influences [24][25][26][27][28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research of Structural, Strength and Thermal Properties of ZrO2—CeO2 Ceramics Doped with Yttrium

et al. 2022

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In this work, using a mechanochemical solid-phase synthesis method, ZrO2—CeO2 ceramics doped with yttrium were obtained, which have great prospects for use as a basis for dispersed nuclear fuel materials or inert nuclear fuel matrices. The purpose of this work was to study the formation of the ZrO2—CeO2 phase composition, depending on the concentration of yttrium dopant, as well as to study their structural and strength properties. The relevance of this study is in obtaining new data on the properties of composite ceramics based on oxides having a cermet structure, as well as the effect of doping with yttrium on increasing the resistance of ceramics to deformation and thermal properties. During the studies, the dynamics of the phase transformations depending on the concentration of the dopant, as well as changes in the structural characteristics and dislocation density, were established. It was found that at a dopant concentration of 0.25 mol, the main phase in the structure was Ce3ZrO8–triclinic P1 (1), the formation of which led to an increase in the mechanical and strength properties of the ceramics as well as a 1.5-fold increase in the thermal conductivity coefficient.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research of Structural, Strength and Thermal Properties of ZrO2—CeO2 Ceramics Doped with Yttrium

et al. 2022

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“…One of the types of new fuel is fuel elements based on dispersed nuclear fuel [11,12]. This fuel is based on the possibility of using plutonium placed in an inert matrix, which makes it possible to remove part of the heat, as well as absorb most of the radiation damage caused both by nuclear reactions with neutrons and by the resulting decay products [13][14][15]. Inert matrices are usually based on oxide ceramics or microparticles, such compounds as ZrO 2 , MgO, CeO 2 , BeO, Al 2 O 3 , etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Phase Transformations and Strength Properties of Nanostructured (1 − x)ZrO2 − xCeO2 Composite Ceramics

et al. 2022

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The aim of this work is to study the properties of nanostructured (1 − x)ZrO2 − xCeO2 composite ceramics, depending on the content of oxide components, as well as to establish the relationship between the phase composition of ceramics and strength properties. The choice of (1− x)ZrO2 − xCeO2 composite ceramics as objects of study is due to the great prospects for using them as the basis for inert matrix materials for nuclear dispersed fuel, which can replace traditional uranium fuel in high-temperature nuclear reactors. Using X-ray diffraction, it was found that the variation of the oxide components leads to phase transformations of the Monoclinic-ZrO2 → Monoclinic − Zr0.98Ce0.02O2/Tetragonal − ZrO2 → Tetragonal − Zr0.85Ce0.15O2 → Tetragonal − ZrCeO4/Ce0.1Zr0.9O2 type. As a result of mechanical tests, it was found that the formation of tetragonal phases in the structure of ceramics leads to strengthening of ceramics and an increase in crack resistance, which is due not only to an increase in the crystallinity degree, but also to the effect of dislocation hardening associated with a decrease in grain size. It has been established that a change in the phase composition due to phase transformations and displacement of the ZrO2 phase from the ceramic structure with its transformation into the phase of partial replacement of Zr0.85Ce0.15O2 or Ce0.1Zr0.9O2 leads to the strengthening of ceramics by more than 3.5–4 times. The results of resistance to crack formation under single compression showed that the formation of the ZrCeO4 phase in the structure of ceramics leads to an increase in the resistance of ceramics to cracking by more than 2.5 times.

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“…Such a high demand for the use of refractory materials is due not only to the ever-increasing needs of mankind in energy resources, the problem of which can be partially solved by increasing the share of nuclear energy but also to the technological process, which consists in the use of new power plants with high efficiency. In such facilities, including high-temperature nuclear reactors, it is planned to increase the efficiency not only by increasing operating temperatures but also by replacing the main nuclear fuel with uranium-free fuel using inert matrices [ 4 , 5 ]. It is assumed that the use of inert matrices based on refractory oxide or carbide ceramics, which are highly resistant to high temperatures and mechanical stress, will increase the degree of burnup of uranium-free nuclear fuel, which will lead to an increase in efficiency [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Radiation Resistance of WO3 Microparticles under Irradiation with Heavy Kr15+ and Xe22+ Ions

et al. 2022

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In this work, we consider the effect of irradiation with heavy Kr15+ and Xe22+ ions on the change in the structural and strength properties of WO3 microparticles, which are among the candidates for inert matrix materials. Irradiation with heavy Kr15+ and Xe22+ ions was chosen to determine the possibility of simulation of radiation damage comparable to the impact of fission fragments. During the studies, it was found that the main changes in the structural properties with an increase in the irradiation fluence are associated with the crystal lattice deformation and its anisotropic distortion, which is most pronounced during irradiation with heavy Kr15+ ions. An assessment of the gaseous swelling effect due to the radiation damage accumulation showed that a change in the ion type during irradiation leads to an increase in the swelling value by more than 8–10%. Results of strength changes showed that the most intense decrease in the hardness of the near-surface layer is observed when the fluence reaches more than 1012 ion/cm2, which is typical for the effect of overlapping radiation damage in the material. The dependences obtained for the change in structural and strength properties can later be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of refractory oxide materials for their use in the creation of inert matrices of nuclear fuel.

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The Effect of Inert Fuel Compounds on Flame Characteristics

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Research of Structural, Strength and Thermal Properties of ZrO2—CeO2 Ceramics Doped with Yttrium

Research of Structural, Strength and Thermal Properties of ZrO2—CeO2 Ceramics Doped with Yttrium

Synthesis, Phase Transformations and Strength Properties of Nanostructured (1 − x)ZrO2 − xCeO2 Composite Ceramics

Study of Radiation Resistance of WO3 Microparticles under Irradiation with Heavy Kr15+ and Xe22+ Ions

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