The effect of milk consumption on acne: a meta‐analysis of observational studies

Dai, Ru; Wei, Hua; Chen, W.; Xiong, Li; Li, L.

doi:10.1111/jdv.15204

Cited by 38 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(91 reference statements)

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“…Three studies also suggested that milk intake may increase the risk of more severe acne [40][41][42] , which is consistent with a meta-analysis that reported that high milk consumption was significantly associated with the presentation of moderate-severe acne 43 . Explanations for the association between milk intake and acne presentation may also explain the association observed for milk intake and acne severity.…”

Section: Parameters That Differ Between Control and Casesupporting

confidence: 79%

Systematic review of the epidemiology of acne vulgaris

Heng

Chew

2020

Sci Rep

296

221

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A systematic review was conducted on epidemiology studies on acne obtained from a Web of Science search to study risk factors associated with acne presentation and severity. A strong association was observed between several risk factors -family history, age, BMi and skin type -and acne presentation or severity in multiple studies. The pooled odds ratio of 2.36 (95% CI 1.97-2.83) for overweight/obese BMI with reference to normal/underweight BMI and the pooled odds ratio of 2.91 (95% CI 2.58-3.28) for family history in parents with reference to no family history in parents demonstrate this strong association. In addition, a pooled odds ratio of 1.07 (95% CI 0.42-2.71) was obtained for sex (males with reference to females). However, the association between other factors, such as dietary factors and smoking, and acne presentation or severity was less clear, with inconsistent results between studies. Thus, further research is required to understand how these factors may influence the development and severity of acne. This study summarizes the potential factors that may affect the risk of acne presentation or severe acne and can help researchers and clinicians to understand the epidemiology of acne and severe acne. Furthermore, the findings can direct future acne research, with the hope of gaining insight into the pathophysiology of acne so as to develop effective acne treatments. Acne epidemiologyThe Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 found that acne vulgaris (henceforth acne) is the eight most common skin disease, with an estimated global prevalence (for all ages) of 9.38% 1 . In different countries and among different age groups, the prevalence of acne varies, with estimates ranging from 35% to close to 100% of adolescents having acne at some point 2 . Symptoms and impacts of AcneAcne patients typically present with comedones, papules and pustules 3 . Comedones can be subdivided into two types -open comedones (blackheads), which are clogged follicles with openings exposing its contents to the air, and closed comedones (white heads), which are clogged follicles without an opening 4 . Papules are raised lesions on the skin that are smaller than 1 cm in diameter while pustules are similar to papules but inflamed and filled with pus 4 . In patients with severe acne, nodules and cysts -inflamed, swollen lesions that are at least 5 mm large -may be present 3,4 . In addition, other symptoms such as the scars, erythema and hyperpigmentation may be observed in acne patients 4 .On top of discomfort due to the clinical symptoms of acne, patients may experience other negative impacts. A study observed significantly higher unemployment rates among acne cases relative to controls, suggesting a correlation between acne and employment 5 . Further, acne has been found to adversely affect the social life 6 , self-esteem and body image of individuals and is often co-morbid with psychological disorders including depression and anxiety 3 . Additionally, acne is associated with substantial financial costs, with one study estimating that...

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Section: Parameters That Differ Between Control and Casesupporting

confidence: 79%

Systematic review of the epidemiology of acne vulgaris

Heng

Chew

2020

Sci Rep

296

221

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“…Increased height and BMI during puberty correlates with a higher incidence of acne vulgaris [259][260][261][262], the most common inflammatory skin disease in industrialized countries, pointing to common accelerated growth trajectories in acne pathogenesis. The relationship between cow milk consumption and acne has been confirmed by recent meta-analyses [263][264][265]. In contrast, lactose-intolerant individuals, who generally avoid milk, exhibit a 50% lower frequency of acne compared to lactose-tolerant people [266].…”

Section: Acne Vulgarismentioning

confidence: 81%

Lifetime Impact of Cow’s Milk on Overactivation of mTORC1: From Fetal to Childhood Overgrowth, Acne, Diabetes, Cancers, and Neurodegeneration

Melnik

2021

Biomolecules

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The consumption of cow’s milk is a part of the basic nutritional habits of Western industrialized countries. Recent epidemiological studies associate the intake of cow’s milk with an increased risk of diseases, which are associated with overactivated mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling. This review presents current epidemiological and translational evidence linking milk consumption to the regulation of mTORC1, the master-switch for eukaryotic cell growth. Epidemiological studies confirm a correlation between cow’s milk consumption and birthweight, body mass index, onset of menarche, linear growth during childhood, acne vulgaris, type 2 diabetes mellitus, prostate cancer, breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, neurodegenerative diseases, and all-cause mortality. Thus, long-term persistent consumption of cow’s milk increases the risk of mTORC1-driven diseases of civilization. Milk is a highly conserved, lactation genome-controlled signaling system that functions as a maternal-neonatal relay for optimized species-specific activation of mTORC1, the nexus for regulation of eukaryotic cell growth, and control of autophagy. A deeper understanding of milk´s impact on mTORC1 signaling is of critical importance for the prevention of common diseases of civilization.

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“…In these studies, the relationship between glycemic index-based food con- sumption and AV has been investigated mostly regarding fish meat, milk/dairy products, and chocolate. [20][21][22] There are conflicting results in different studies on the effect of BMI on AV development as in certain other skin diseases. [23][24][25][26] In this study, there is no statistically significant difference in mean BMI between the patients with AV and the control group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the Effect of Diet on the Development and Severity of Acne Vulgaris by Using Insulin Index and Glycemic Index

Kutlu¹,

Balta²,

Ekşioğlu³

2020

Turkiye Klinikleri J Dermatol

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The effect of milk consumption on acne: a meta‐analysis of observational studies

Abstract: This meta-analysis provides evidence of a positive association between milk consumption and acne risk.

Cited by 38 publications

References 45 publications

Systematic review of the epidemiology of acne vulgaris

Systematic review of the epidemiology of acne vulgaris

Lifetime Impact of Cow’s Milk on Overactivation of mTORC1: From Fetal to Childhood Overgrowth, Acne, Diabetes, Cancers, and Neurodegeneration

Determination of the Effect of Diet on the Development and Severity of Acne Vulgaris by Using Insulin Index and Glycemic Index

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