Harisseh R, Chatelier A, Magaud C, Déliot N, Constantin B. Involvement of TRPV2 and SOCE in calcium influx disorder in DMD primary human myotubes with a specific contribution of ␣ 1-syntrophin and PLC/PKC in SOCE regulation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 304: C881-C894, 2013. First published February 20, 2013 doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00182.2012.-Calcium homeostasis is critical for several vital functions in excitable and nonexcitable cells and has been shown to be impaired in many pathologies including Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Various studies using murine models showed the implication of calcium entry in the dystrophic phenotype. However, alteration of store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2)-dependant cation entry has not been investigated yet in human skeletal muscle cells. We pharmacologically characterized basal and storeoperated cation entries in primary cultures of myotubes prepared from muscle of normal and DMD patients and found, for the first time, an increased SOCE in DMD myotubes. Moreover, this increase cannot be explained by an over expression of the well-known SOCE actors: TRPC1/4, Orai1, and stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) mRNA and proteins. Thus we investigated the modes of regulation of this cation entry. We firstly demonstrated the important role of the scaffolding protein ␣ 1-syntrophin, which regulates SOCE in primary human myotubes through its PDZ domain. We also studied the implication of phospholipase C (PLC) and protein kinase C (PKC) in SOCE and showed that their inhibition restores normal levels of SOCE in DMD human myotubes. In addition, the involvement of TRPV2 in calcium deregulation in DMD human myotubes was explored. We showed an abnormal elevation of TRPV2-dependant cation entry in dystrophic primary human myotubes compared with normal ones. These findings show that calcium homeostasis mishandling in DMD myotubes depends on SOCE under the influence of Ca 2ϩ /PLC/PKC pathway and ␣1-syntrophin regulation as well as on TRPV2-dependant cation influx. DMD; human primary myotubes; Ca 2ϩ /PLC/PKC; ␣1-syntrophin; TRPV2; SOCE CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS IS BASED on strictly cohesive and regulated communication between internal and plasma membrane calcium channels and pumps and has been shown to be altered in several pathologies and particularly in dystrophinopathies including Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD; Ref. 5). DMD is characterized by an abnormally high concentration of intracellular ionized calcium (7), which is thought to contribute to the final muscle necrosis. DMD is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder that affects 1 male birth over 3,500 in the world. This disease is caused by mutations on the locus Xp21.2 of the gene encoding the subsarcolemmal dystrophin, resulting in the loss of this protein (57). In the absence of dystrophin, the transmembrane dystrophin glycoprotein complex components lose their localization at costamers. This disorganization is thought to be responsible for membrane instability and muscle damage and for ...