The effect of oxidation pressure on the equilibrium nanostructure of soot particles

Tóth, Pál; Palotás, Árpád Bence; Ring, Terry A.; Eddings, Eric G.; Wal, Randy L. Vander; Lighty, JoAnn S.

doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2015.02.009

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Growth centers are disordered or amorphous regions 1-4 nm in diameter located within the central portion of a primary particle. 21,113,[138][139][140][141][142][143][144][145] They are consistent with vestiges of incipient particles that may or may not have agglomerated before seeding further particle growth.…”

Section: Growth Centerssupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Growth centers are disordered or amorphous regions 1–4 nm in diameter located within the central portion of a primary particle. ,,− They are consistent with vestiges of incipient particles that may or may not have agglomerated before seeding further particle growth. These features are sometimes referred to as “nuclei”; − see also the Nuclei section.…”

Section: Terminologymentioning

confidence: 73%

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A Review of Terminology Used to Describe Soot Formation and Evolution under Combustion and Pyrolytic Conditions

Colket²,

et al. 2020

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This paper presents a glossary and review of terminology used to describe the chemical and physical processes involved in soot formation and evolution. This review is intended to aid in communication within the field and across disciplines. There are large gaps in our understanding of soot formation and evolution and inconsistencies in the language used to describe the associated mechanisms. These inconsistencies lead to confusion within the field and hinder progress in addressing the gaps in our understanding. This review provides a list of definitions of terms and presents a description of their historical usage. It also addresses the inconsistencies in the use of terminology in order to dispel confusion and facilitate the advancement of our understanding of soot chemistry and particle characteristics. The intended audience includes senior and junior members of the soot, black-carbon, brown-carbon, and carbon-black scientific communities, researchers new to the field, and scientists and engineers in associated fields with an interest in carbonaceous-material production via high-temperature hydrocarbon chemistry.

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Section: Growth Centerssupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Terminologymentioning

confidence: 73%

A Review of Terminology Used to Describe Soot Formation and Evolution under Combustion and Pyrolytic Conditions

Colket²,

et al. 2020

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“…Higher tortuosity indicates more curved graphene segments and higher reactivity with weaker bonding force between the carbon atoms . Oxidizers could access the edge-site atoms through the interlayer spacing, thus the higher is the fringe separation the higher the reactivity would be. , In addition, fringe length is a metric reflecting the size of the plane derived from high-resolution TEM images. Table shows that most fringes were shorter than 2 nm with the fringe separation distance of 0.33–0.48 nm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Alternative Fuels on Morphological and Nanostructural Characteristics of Soot Emissions from an Aviation Piston Engine

Wang

2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Soot emissions from aviation piston engines (APEs) are a major source of environment pollution in airport vicinity, stratosphere, and troposphere, and their nanostructure and surface chemistry play a critical role in determining the impact on human health and environment. In this work, the morphology and nanostructure of soot emitted from an aviation piston engine burning five different fuels including blends of promising alternative jet and biofuels were investigated via highresolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The graphitic structures were observed by analyzing primary particles in the HRTEM images. Morphological analysis demonstrated that the separation distance of the graphene layers of soot particles from the kerosene−pentanol blend combustion was larger than that from kerosene-Fischer−Tropsch blend combustion, indicating that adding pentanol tended to generate particles with more loosely stacked layers and higher oxidation tendency. Raman results were in agreement with primary particle nanostructure analysis based on the HRTEM images. Furthermore, soot particles from different fuels exhibited different concentrations of amorphous carbon and structural defects.

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“…This latter aspect is consistent with several previous investigations of the effect of oxidation on soot nanostructure. 42 In addition to the Raman D and G bands, typical of amorphous or disordered carbon materials and nanographite, the Raman spectra of soot particles often present a photoluminescence background (PL), as shown in Figure 7. PL background in Raman spectrum has been reported for hydrogenated carbon due to the radiative recombination of electrons and holes in the localized states created by sp 2 clusters.…”

Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman Spectroscopy of Soot Sampled in High-Pressure Diffusion Flames

et al. 2017

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The effect of pressure on soot particle nanostructure has been investigated by Raman spectroscopy. For the first time soot samples produced in a set of coflow methane–air laminar diffusion flames stabilized in a high-pressure combustion chamber, and collected by thermophoresis, have been analyzed to obtain chemical/structural information. The first-order Raman spectra of soot particles collected at several elevated pressures have been analyzed and compared. As a result, within the investigated range of pressures, i.e., from 10 to 20 bar, our measurements show that soot nanostructure does not depend on the pressure conditions. Changes in soot nanostructure were only observed as a function of flame residence time. The results herein presented are particularly relevant by considering the importance of nanostructure on the soot reactivity toward oxidation and on the fact that soot from practical combustion devices is mostly produced at high pressure.

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The effect of oxidation pressure on the equilibrium nanostructure of soot particles

Cited by 30 publications

References 40 publications

A Review of Terminology Used to Describe Soot Formation and Evolution under Combustion and Pyrolytic Conditions

A Review of Terminology Used to Describe Soot Formation and Evolution under Combustion and Pyrolytic Conditions

Impacts of Alternative Fuels on Morphological and Nanostructural Characteristics of Soot Emissions from an Aviation Piston Engine

Raman Spectroscopy of Soot Sampled in High-Pressure Diffusion Flames

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