The effect of reforestation on stream flow in Upper Nan river basin using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model

Wangpimool, Winai; Pongput, Kobkiat; Sukvibool, Chinnapat; Sombatpanit, S.; Gassman, Philip W.

doi:10.1016/s2095-6339(15)30039-3

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In general, upland farming accelerates hydraulic and tillage erosion, concentrates overland flow and erosion into the stream network (Ziegler et al, ), and intensifies high peak flows in the rivers and thus may aggravate flooding in the densely populated and cultivated plains. However, simulations have indicated that the historical forest loss in Nan only increases wet season flow streamflow by 2% (Wangpimool, Pongput, Sukvibool, Sombatpanit, & Gassman, ), suggesting a weak impact of deforestation on flooding downstream. Moreover, scientific research in the Himalayan region has shown that the hydrological impacts of upland deforestation are scale‐dependent; while the impact can be significant at the small‐scale level and/or the location close to the floodplains, it is not significant at the large scale or the plains far downstream (Hofer, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, scientific research in the Himalayan region has shown that the hydrological impacts of upland deforestation are scale‐dependent; while the impact can be significant at the small‐scale level and/or the location close to the floodplains, it is not significant at the large scale or the plains far downstream (Hofer, ). As for the dry season stream flow, it is simulated to decrease by 20% as a result of the historical forest loss in Nan Province (Wangpimool et al, ), indicating the widespread upland deforestation may intensify water shortages during the dry season in MSEA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, upland farming accelerates hydraulic and tillage erosion, concentrates overland flow and erosion into the stream network (Hofer, 2005). As for the dry season stream flow, it is simulated to decrease by 20% as a result of the historical forest loss in Nan Province (Wangpimool et al, 2013), indicating the widespread upland deforestation may intensify water shortages during the dry season in MSEA.…”

Section: Potential Environmental Impacts Of Upland Deforestation Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accelerating forest loss in Southeast Asian Massif in the 21st century: A case study in Nan Province, Thailand

Zeng

Gower

Wood

2018

Global Change Biology

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Farmers are carving a new agricultural frontier from the forests in the Southeast Asian Massif (SAM) in the 21st century, triggering significant environment degradation at the local scale; however, this frontier has been missed by existing global land use and forest loss analyses. In this paper, we chose Thailand's Nan Province, which is located in the geometric center of SAM, as a case study, and combined high resolution forest cover change product with a fine-scale land cover map to investigate land use dynamics with respect to topography in this region. Our results show that total forest loss in Nan Province during 2001-2016 was 66,072 ha (9.1% of the forest cover in 2000), and that the majority of this lost forest (92%) had been converted into crop (mainly corn) fields by 2017. Annual forest loss is significantly correlated with global corn price (p < 0.01), re-confirming agricultural expansion as a key driver of forest loss in Nan Province. Along with the increasing global corn price, forest loss in Nan Province has accelerated at a rate of 2,616 ± 730 ha per decade (p < 0.01). Global corn price peaked in 2012, in which year annual forest loss also reached its peak (7,523 ha); since then, the location of forest loss has moved to steeper land at higher elevations. Spatially, forest loss driven by this smallholder agricultural expansion emerges as many small patches that are not recognizable even at a moderate spatial resolution (e.g. 300 m). It explains how existing global land use/cover change products have missed the widespread and rapid forest loss in SAM. It also highlights the importance of high-resolution observations to evaluate the environmental impacts of agricultural expansion and forest loss in SAM, including, but not limited to, the impacts on the global carbon cycle, regional hydrology, and local environmental degradation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Potential Environmental Impacts Of Upland Deforestation Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accelerating forest loss in Southeast Asian Massif in the 21st century: A case study in Nan Province, Thailand

Zeng

Gower

Wood

2018

Global Change Biology

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“…The model is widely applied for LULC change analysis and ecosystem services evaluation [30,31], and for the simulation of agroforestry [14] and reforestation interventions [32]. Input data required are represented by: meteorological data, topography, soil, and land use.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planting Waterscapes: Green Infrastructures, Landscape and Hydrological Modeling for the Future of Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia

Castelli

Foderi

Guzman³

et al. 2017

Forests

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Abstract:The expansion of cities is an emerging and critical issue for the future of the planet. Water is one of the most important resources provided by urban and peri-urban landscapes, as it is directly or indirectly connected with the quality of the environment and life. Santa Cruz de la Sierra is the leading city in Bolivia (and the second in Latin America) in regard to population growth and soil sealing. Water is available to the city mostly from the Piraí River basin, and is expected to be totally inadequate to support such powerful urban development. The project Aguacruz, which is financed by the Italian Agency for Cooperation and Development, aimed to (1) restructure and harmonize existing data on the landscape ecology, hydrological features, and functional aspects of the Piraí River; (2) build hydrological scenarios for the future of the basin by introducing a landscape ecology approach, and (3) involve stakeholders and local actors in decision-making processes oriented to increase the resilience of the urban-rural landscape of the Piraì River and the city of Santa Cruz. SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tools) tested five scenarios through simulating different landscape settings, from the current previsions for urban expansion to a sound implementation of green infrastructures, agroforestry, and regreening. The results indicate that integrated actions in rural-urban systems can lead to a substantial reversal of the trend toward a decline in water supply for the city. From a governance and planning perspective, the proposed actions have been configured as to induce (i) integrated waterscape ecological planning; and (ii) the preparation and approval of departmental regulations for the incorporation of green infrastructures in the municipalities.

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“…deforestation) increased water yields both annually and in the wet season in the Mae Chaem River basin in the northwestern CP. Wangpimool et al (2013) showed that streamflow was reduced in the wet season and increased in the dry season due to reforestation in the watershed in the upper Nan River basin using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of afforestation as an adaptation option: a case study in the upper Chao Phraya River basin

Takata

Hanasaki

2020

Environ. Res. Lett.

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The risks of flood and drought have been projected to increase in many regions due to global warming. Afforestation is considered an adaptation option because it reduces flood risks by decreasing total runoff and peak river discharge, but it also exacerbates drought risks by increasing evapotranspiration. In this study, both effects of afforestation were evaluated in comparison with changes caused by climate warming from the viewpoint of an adaptation measure, using a land surface model. The upper Chao Phraya River basin was taken as a case study. The present climate was set as a base condition and future climate conditions projected by the moderate (RCP4.5) and strong (RCP8.5) warming scenarios in the middle and late 21st century were used. The effects of afforestation were much smaller than the changes caused by warming even with the extreme forest area expansion and soil property changes. The effect of afforestation that reduced runoff was marked in the wet season, whereas the effect of afforestation that increased evapotranspiration was noticeable in the dry season leading to little increase in dry-season runoff. These results indicate that both the decrease in runoff that reduces flood risks in the wet season and the increase in evapotranspiration that exacerbates drought risks in the dry season should be taken into consideration when evaluating the hydrological effects of afforestation under global warming.

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The effect of reforestation on stream flow in Upper Nan river basin using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model

Cited by 34 publications

References 22 publications

Accelerating forest loss in Southeast Asian Massif in the 21st century: A case study in Nan Province, Thailand

Accelerating forest loss in Southeast Asian Massif in the 21st century: A case study in Nan Province, Thailand

Planting Waterscapes: Green Infrastructures, Landscape and Hydrological Modeling for the Future of Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia

The effects of afforestation as an adaptation option: a case study in the upper Chao Phraya River basin

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