The effect of rhinovirus on airway inflammation in a murine asthma model

Abstract

PurposeThe aim of the present study was to investigate the differences in lower airway inflammatory immune responses, including cellular responses and responses in terms of inflammatory mediators in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and the airway, to rhinovirus (RV) infection on asthma exacerbation by comparing a control and a murine asthma model, with or without RV infection.MethodsBALB/c mice were intraperitoneally injected with a crude extract of Dermatophagoides farinae (Df) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and were subsequently intranasally treated with a crude extract of Df or PBS. Airway responsiveness and cell infiltration, differential cell counts in BALF, and cytokine and chemokine concentrations in BALF were measured 24 hours after intranasal RV1B infection.ResultsRV infection increased the enhanced pause (Penh) in both the Df sensitized and challenged mice (Df mice) and PBS-treated mice (PBS mice) (P<0.05). Airway eosinophil infiltration increased in Df mice after RV infection (P<0.05). The levels of interleukin (IL) 13, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and regulated on activation, normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES) increased in response to RV infection in Df mice, but not in PBS mice (P<0.05). The level of IL-10 significantly decreased following RV infection in Df mice (P<0.05).ConclusionOur findings suggest that the augmented induction of proinflammatory cytokines, Th2 cytokines, and chemokines that mediate an eosinophil response and the decreased induction of regulatory cytokines after RV infection may be important manifestations leading to airway inflammation with eosinophil infiltration and changes in airway responsiveness in the asthma model.

Rhinovirus infection in murine chronic allergic rhinosinusitis model

“…It is known that RV infection predisposes to exacerbated asthma and other chronic pulmonary diseases . Several in vivo studies also verified the role of RV infection in inducing asthma attack and exacerbation . Since the pathogenesis of CRS is somewhat similar to that of asthma, a detrimental effect of RV infection on the disease course of the former can easily be speculated.…”

Viruses and non-allergen environmental triggers in asthma

“…RV is then taken into the cell as an endosome where replication and subsequent release of new viral particles occur. 38 There are three genetically distinct on May 23, 2020 by guest. Protected by copyright.…”

Mouse models of acute exacerbations of allergic asthma

“…Mice sensitized and challenged with OVA over a relatively short time course (3–4 days), then infected with HRV1B, demonstrate enhanced neutrophil, eosinophil and lymphocyte recruitment, and increased production of Th2 cytokines and chemokines, together with exaggerated AHR . Comparable results have been reported in short‐term models using HDM sensitization and challenge followed by HRV1B infection …”