The effect of salivary clearance of sucrose and fluoride on human dental plaque acidogenicity

Oliveby, A.; Weetman, D.A.; Geddes, D.A.M.; Lagerlöf, Folke

doi:10.1016/0003-9969(90)90071-h

Cited by 45 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It was calculated that the acquired fluoride was cleared from a 100-Ìm layer of plaque with a half-time of 6.7 s and from a 500-Ìm layer with a half-time of 6 min. These calculations were supported by the findings of Oliveby et al [1990], who found near-baseline fluoride concentrations 30 min after rinsing with a 900-ppm fluoride solution containing sucrose. Similarly, Vogel et al [2001] collected plaque 60 min after the use of two 228-ppm fluoride rinses with different compositions and again 7 min later following another rinse using fluoride-free water.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…In the present study, plaque fluoride concentrations 12 h after the use of Crest were not significantly different from the placebo concentrations (table 2). Others have reported similar results within 2 h or less [Oliveby et al, 1990;Zero et al, 1992]. In their in vitro studies, McNee et al [1980] exposed plaque to a 2.2% solution of sodium fluoride and then transferred it to a bathing solution of human saliva or water to determine the efflux rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Based on dose-response considerations, it would be expected that the regular use of dentifrices would yield considerably higher plaque fluoride concentrations which, theoretically, would be expected to produce a greater cariostatic effect. It is known that salivary and plaque fluoride concentrations increase sharply during the use of a fluoridated dentifrice or rinse, but they decline rapidly to approach or reach baseline concentrations within 1-2 h [Bruun et al, 1984;Oliveby et al, 1990]. Thus, in a region served with fluoridated water it may be that, despite one or more transient elevations each day according to the frequency of dentifrice use, salivary and plaque fluoride concentrations throughout most of the day are similar regardless of whether or not a fluoridated dentifrice is used.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plaque Fluoride Concentrations Are Dependent on Plaque Calcium Concentrations

et al. 2002

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Despite the 1,000-fold difference between the fluoride concentrations ([F]) in dentifrices and fluoridated drinking water, clinical and epidemiological studies have shown that they have similar cariostatic effects. This double-blind, crossover study was done to determine whether the [F] in dental plaque is related more to the [F] of the dentifrice used or to the plaque concentrations of calcium and magnesium. The subjects (n = 13) were adults and residents of a city served with fluoridated drinking water. After 1 week of using a fluoridated dentifrice (940 ppm) or a placebo dentifrice, whole saliva and plaque were collected 1.0 h and approximately 12 h after the last use of the dentifrices. The average salivary [F] after brushing with the F dentifrice was higher than after using the placebo. The average plaque [F] 1.0 h after brushing with the F dentifrice was higher than after using the placebo (p < 0.01), but the difference at 12 h was not significant. Plaque [Ca] and [F] were directly related under all experimental conditions (p = 0.0001). The relationships between plaque [Mg] and [F] were weaker and inconsistent. Based on these findings and reports in the literature it is concluded that, for persons whose drinking water is fluoridated, plaque [F] throughout much of the day is not significantly increased by the use of a fluoridated dentifrice. Instead they are directly related to plaque [Ca]. These findings offer at least a partial explanation for why fluoridated dentifrices and drinking water have similar cariostatic effects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plaque Fluoride Concentrations Are Dependent on Plaque Calcium Concentrations

et al. 2002

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“…In studies using different methodologies, these concentrations were somewhat greater [Pearce et al, 1999;Oliveby et al, 1990] or less [Higham and Edgar, 1989] than reported here but, in all cases (tables 3, 4), a large increase in lactate and a decrease in the concentration of other organic acid anions, particularly acetate, were observed after sucrose administration. With respect to acetate, the decrease has been ascribed to the uptake of this ion by enamel at low pH [Margolis and 50 Caries Res 2002;36:44-52 Vogel/Zhang/Chow/Schumacher Moreno, 1994;Oliveby et al, 1990]. However, the previous water rinse experiment [Vogel et al, 2001] found a decrease in acetate, phosphate and fluoride.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…However, the acidification study demonstrated that plaque buffer capacity was not affected by either an NaF rinse or the experimental rinse used here. Based on the data presented here, a more important factor appears to be patterns of fluoride and sucrose rinse delivery and clearance that appear to maintain a higher concentration of both sucrose (which leads to an increase in lactate) and fluoride at the same oral sites [Oliveby et al, 1990].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Lactate and Other Ions in Plaque and Saliva after a Fluoride Rinse and Subsequent Sucrose Administration

et al. 2002

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The purpose of this study was to examine plaque and saliva composition after a fluoride rinse and subsequent sucrose application. Fifteen subjects accumulated plaque for 48 h, and then rinsed with a fluoride rinse based on 228 µg/g (ppm) Na₂SiF₆ and some received no rinse. After 60 min, upper and lower buccal molar plaque samples and 1-min saliva samples were collected. The subjects then rinsed with 10% g/g sucrose solution, and 7 and 15 min later, a second and a third set of samples were collected. Plaque fluid and clarified saliva were then recovered from these samples by centrifugation, and the remaining plaque acid extracted. The plaque fluid, centrifuged saliva, and plaque extract samples were then analyzed using micro techniques for pH, free calcium, phosphate, organic acids (plaque fluid and saliva only) and fluoride. Considering both the fluoride rinse and no-rinse groups, the most notable compositional changes in saliva 7 min after the sucrose rinse were pH –0.40 unit, free calcium 0.42 mM, lactate 5.2 mM, phosphate –1.3 mM, and fluoride 2.8 µM; while in plaque fluid, the corresponding changes were pH –1.59 unit, free calcium 1.5 mM, lactate 35 mM, phosphate –1.6 mM and fluoride –26 µM. After sucrose rinsing, undersaturation was found with respect to dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in saliva and plaque fluid and with respect to tooth enamel in some plaque fluid samples. Plaque fluid composition appeared to be strongly influenced by salivary clearance, diffusive loss of ions into the water phase of the rinse, and lower jaw pooling of the sucrose and fluoride components of the rinses. After the experimental rinse, the fluoride concentration in plaque fluid [86 ± 22 mM (upper molar site), 162 ± 150 mM (lower molar site)], saliva (26 ± 18 mM), and whole plaque [99 ± 97 µg/g (upper molar site), 197 ± 412 µg/g (lower molar site)] was comparable to the values in previous studies using this rinse. These very high plaque fluid fluoride concentrations, compared with the ‘no-rinse’ samples, induced an approximately 0.3-unit increase in the plaque fluid pH 7 min after the sucrose rinse, a small decrease (approximately 20%) in lactate production and a modest increase in enamel saturation. Although these changes were all statistically significant, no correlation was found between the decrease in lactate concentration and plaque fluid fluoride, pH or whole plaque fluoride.

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