The Effect of Sanitation Performance and Parental Livelihood on Stunting Severity: Study at 3 Ecological Zones at South Lampung Regency, Indonesia

Abstract

Severity of stunting is frequently associated as a result of the effects of environmental factors, such as ecological differences, poor quality sanitation, and potential effects on parental livelihood. Knowledge about the effect of sanitation and parental livelihood at three ecological zones on stunting severity at South Lampung Regency is unknown. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of ecological zones, sanitation performance, and parental livelihood on stunting severity in toddlers aged 0-59 months at South Lampung Regency, Indonesia. The cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 182 households that were spread over the hilly zone, 82 lowland zones, and 49 coastal zones at South Lampung Regency, Indonesia. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that captured the sanitation performance and parental livelihood. Toddler's heights were measured using a standard procedure and categorized manually according to national references. The ordinal logistic regression model was used to claim the effect. The higher probability of toddlers to be stunting was found significant on lowland zone, coastal zone, and clean water from drilled wells source, while lower probability significant on gallon drinking water, standard latrines, wastewater sewerage construction materials from cement and pipes, managed solid waste, ventilation not all rooms, bright lighting in rooms, and father's livelihood as a civil servant and entrepreneur. Stunting severity at South Lampung Regency is affected by ecological zones, sanitation performance, and father's livelihood. The results of our study are expected to assist the government in developing appropriate stunting reduction policy programs, especially comprehensive intervention by adjusting the ecological zone.

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