The Effect of Scuba Diving on Microleakage of a Class II Composite Restoration: An In-Vitro Study

Abstract

Persistent pressure change is a common phenomenon within scuba diving with various medical and dental sign side effects. This study evaluates the effect of simulated pressure change due to scuba diving on the microleakage of class II composite restoration. In our methodology, a total number of 150 intact bicuspids are divided into two main groups (A and B), and prepared for a class II composite restoration. The samples of each main group are divided into five subgroups to be prepared with different liners. Then samples are restored with the same resin composite material. The teeth in group A are thermocycled under the normal atmospheric pressure, while group B are thermocycled under simulated scuba diving conditions. The gingival microleakage is assessed based on dye penetration. The group B teeth show a significantly higher microleakage score than their equivalents in group A (p < 0.05). The subgroups without a liner have a higher microleakage score than the other subgroups (p < 0.05). The flowable composite shows the leased leakage scores followed by Nano ionomer, Resin Modified Glass Iononomer, GIOMER, and linerless groups (p < 0.05). Scuba diving could increase the risk of microleakage development beneath class II, a composite restoration.

Diagnostic accuracy of conventional orthodontic radiographic modalities and cone-beam computed tomography for localization of impacted maxillary canine teeth

“…12 CBCT is increasingly used for accurate localization of impacted canine teeth and estimation of the risk of root resorption in adjacent incisors. 13–15…”

“…12 CBCT is increasingly used for accurate localization of impacted canine teeth and estimation of the risk of root resorption in adjacent incisors. [13][14][15] For long, conventional radiographic modalities have been applied for diagnosis and orthodontic treatment planning of impacted canine teeth. However; they are gradually replaced with CBCT.…”

Investigating the effect of depression on clinical symptoms of temporomandibular disorder in young stressful men

“…It has been estimated that 60%–70% of the general population experiences at least one sign or symptom of TMD in their life time; however, only 5% of individuals show severe TMD that requires treatment (Poveda Roda et al, 2007 ). Recent studies showed that psychosocial factors such as stress, anxiety, alexithymia, and catastrophizing could affect the onset of TMD and its response to treatment (De la Torre Canales et al, 2020 ; Rollman & Gillespie, 2000 ; Sadrzadeh‐Afshar et al, 2023 ; Shahnavazi et al, 2021 ). Different malocclusions have also been a controversial risk factor for TMD (Manfredini et al, 2017 ; Salari et al, 2024 ).…”