The effect of three different energy drinks on oxygen consumption and perceived exertion during treadmill exercise

Sanders, Gabriel J.; Peveler, Willard W.; Holmer, Brady J.; Peacock, Corey A.

doi:10.1186/1550-2783-12-s1-p1

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The training itself lasted 15 min on a treadmill at 70% intensity of their earlier measured VO2max. ED consumption did not increase VO2max or RPE levels compared to the placebo [ 82 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Caffeine and Caffeinated Beverages in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults: Short Review

Soós

Gyebrovszki

Tóth

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The prevalence of ED consumption has increased over the past 10–15 years. Studies describing the effects of caffeine and caffeinated beverages show confusing results, so it seems important to regularly summarize the available facts, and in more detail. By a thorough analysis of more than 156 scientific papers, the authors describe the molecular background of absorption, as well as the positive and negative effects of different dosages of caffeine, just like its effects in physical activity and performance. ED and EDwA consumption is a regular habit of not only adults, but nowadays even of children and adolescents. There are no safe dosages described of caffeine or ED consumption for children. There are no positive short- or long-term effects of these compounds/products concerning developing brain functions, psycho-motor functions, or social development. Instead, there are many unpleasant side effects, and symptoms of regular or higher-dose ED consumption, especially at younger ages. This mini review describes many details of these unpleasant side effects, their severity, and motivations for consuming these compounds/products. In a quantitative research in Hungary (10–26 years, mean age: 15.6 ± 3.8 y, 1459 subjects, randomly chosen population), a survey based on a questionnaire asking people about their ED consumption habits was conducted. According to the data, 81.8% of the participants consumed EDs at least once, and 63.3% tried several products of the kind. A positive correlation was found between age and consumption (p < 0.001). The results show that a high proportion of this group often consumed EDwA, in many cases leading to harmful side-effects of caffeine overdose. In a sample of Hungarian high school and college students (17–26 years), ED consumption matched the international data, and only 19.7% of respondents did not use EDs at all (had never tasted an ED in their life).

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“…The training itself lasted 15 min on a treadmill at 70% intensity of their earlier measured VO2max. ED consumption did not increase VO2max or RPE levels compared to the placebo [ 82 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Caffeine and Caffeinated Beverages in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults: Short Review

Soós

Gyebrovszki

Tóth

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Duncan et al [ 154 ] likewise noted that athletes who consumed an ED reported significantly greater readiness to invest mental effort. Salinero and colleagues [ 204 ] recruited 90 experienced athletes and found that consumption of an ED containing 3 mg∙kg BW −1 caffeine increased the athletes’ self-perceived muscular power production during exercise testing. Interestingly, energy products may also reduce negative subjective states associated with stressful situations.…”

Section: Subjective Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

International society of sports nutrition position stand: energy drinks and energy shots

Jagim

Harty

Tinsley

et al. 2023

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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Position Statement: The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) bases the following position stand on a critical analysis of the literature regarding the effects of energy drink (ED) or energy shot (ES) consumption on acute exercise performance, metabolism, and cognition, along with synergistic exercise-related performance outcomes and training adaptations. The following 13 points constitute the consensus of the Society and have been approved by the Research Committee of the Society: Energy drinks (ED) commonly contain caffeine, taurine, ginseng, guarana, carnitine, choline, B vitamins (vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9, and B12), vitamin C, vitamin A (beta carotene), vitamin D, electrolytes (sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium), sugars (nutritive and non-nutritive sweeteners), tyrosine, and L-theanine, with prevalence for each ingredient ranging from 1.3 to 100%. Energy drinks can enhance acute aerobic exercise performance, largely influenced by the amount of caffeine (> 200 mg or >3 mg∙kg bodyweight [BW −1 ]) in the beverage. Although ED and ES contain several nutrients that are purported to affect mental and/or physical performance, the primary ergogenic nutrients in most ED and ES based on scientific evidence appear to be caffeine and/or the carbohydrate provision. The ergogenic value of caffeine on mental and physical performance has been well-established, but the potential additive benefits of other nutrients contained in ED and ES remains to be determined. Consuming ED and ES 10-60 minutes before exercise can improve mental focus, alertness, anaerobic performance, and/or endurance performance with doses >3 mg∙kg BW −1 . Consuming ED and ES containing at least 3 mg∙kg BW −1 caffeine is most likely to benefit maximal lower-body power production. Consuming ED and ES can improve endurance, repeat sprint performance, and sport-specific tasks in the context of team sports. Many ED and ES contain numerous ingredients that either have not been studied or evaluated in combination with other nutrients contained in the ED or ES. For this reason, these products need to be studied to demonstrate efficacy of single- and multi-nutrient formulations for physical and cognitive performance as well as for safety. Limited evidence is available to suggest that consumption of low-calorie ED and ES during training and/or weight loss trials may provide ergogenic benefit and/or promote additional weight control, potentially through enhanced training capacity. However, ingestion of higher calorie ED may promote weight gain if the energy intake from consumption of ED is not carefully considered as part of the total daily energy intake. Individuals should consider the impact of regular coingestion of high glycemic index carbohydrates from ED and ES on metabolic health, blood glucose, and insulin levels. Adolescents (aged 12 through 18) should exercise caution and seek parental guidance when considering th...

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International society of sports nutrition position stand: caffeine and exercise performance

Guest

VanDusseldorp

Nelson

et al. 2021

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

330

284

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Following critical evaluation of the available literature to date, The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) position regarding caffeine intake is as follows: Supplementation with caffeine has been shown to acutely enhance various aspects of exercise performance in many but not all studies. Small to moderate benefits of caffeine use include, but are not limited to: muscular endurance, movement velocity and muscular strength, sprinting, jumping, and throwing performance, as well as a wide range of aerobic and anaerobic sport-specific actions. Aerobic endurance appears to be the form of exercise with the most consistent moderate-to-large benefits from caffeine use, although the magnitude of its effects differs between individuals. Caffeine has consistently been shown to improve exercise performance when consumed in doses of 3–6 mg/kg body mass. Minimal effective doses of caffeine currently remain unclear but they may be as low as 2 mg/kg body mass. Very high doses of caffeine (e.g. 9 mg/kg) are associated with a high incidence of side-effects and do not seem to be required to elicit an ergogenic effect. The most commonly used timing of caffeine supplementation is 60 min pre-exercise. Optimal timing of caffeine ingestion likely depends on the source of caffeine. For example, as compared to caffeine capsules, caffeine chewing gums may require a shorter waiting time from consumption to the start of the exercise session. Caffeine appears to improve physical performance in both trained and untrained individuals. Inter-individual differences in sport and exercise performance as well as adverse effects on sleep or feelings of anxiety following caffeine ingestion may be attributed to genetic variation associated with caffeine metabolism, and physical and psychological response. Other factors such as habitual caffeine intake also may play a role in between-individual response variation. Caffeine has been shown to be ergogenic for cognitive function, including attention and vigilance, in most individuals. Caffeine may improve cognitive and physical performance in some individuals under conditions of sleep deprivation. The use of caffeine in conjunction with endurance exercise in the heat and at altitude is well supported when dosages range from 3 to 6 mg/kg and 4–6 mg/kg, respectively. Alternative sources of caffeine such as caffeinated chewing gum, mouth rinses, energy gels and chews have been shown to improve performance, primarily in aerobic exercise. Energy drinks and pre-workout supplements containing caffeine have been demonstrated to enhance both anaerobic and aerobic performance.

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The effect of three different energy drinks on oxygen consumption and perceived exertion during treadmill exercise

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Caffeine and Caffeinated Beverages in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults: Short Review

Effects of Caffeine and Caffeinated Beverages in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults: Short Review

International society of sports nutrition position stand: energy drinks and energy shots

International society of sports nutrition position stand: caffeine and exercise performance

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