The effect of uniform heating on the biomechanical properties of the intervertebral disc in a porcine model

Treatment of Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Herniation Using C-Arm Fluoroscopy Guided Target Percutaneous Laser Disc Decompression

“…Furthermore, the photobiological effects of the laser can reduce nerve root edema. 12 Taken together, T-PLDD can provide faster pain relief than can the traditional PLDD techniques for patients with extruded but nonsequestered disc herniations.…”

Skin biothermomechanics for medical treatments

“…As the temperature is increased, the denaturation of collagen occurs. During denaturation, not only the structure but also the hydration of collagen changes, and thus, not surprisingly, thermal denaturation can lead to remarkable property changes in collagenous tissues, such as the mechanical (Aksan and McGrath, 2003;Bass et al, 2004;Chae et al, 2003;Chao et al, 2001;Chen and Humphrey, 1998;Chen et al, 1997Chen et al, , 1998aDiaz et al, 2001;Harris and Humphrey, 2004;Kondo et al, 2005;Spoerl et al, 2004;Wang et al, 2005;Wells et al, 2004), thermal (Davis et al, 2000;Naseef et al, 1997;Siapi et al, 2005;Tsereteli et al, 1997), and optical (Agah et al, 1996;Bosman, 1993;Essenpreis, 1992;Jun et al, 2003;Lin et al, 1996;Pickering et al, 1994;Ritz et al, 2001a,b;Schwarzmaier et al, 1998;Thomsen and Vijverberg, 1993) properties. However, there are comparatively few studies on skin tissue (Le Lous et al, 1985;Melling et al, 2000;Pierce et al, 2004;Reihsner et al, 2000), despite the skin's dermis being mainly composed of collagen.…”

CT-guided Nucleoplasty With Radiofrequency Energy for the Treatment of Lumbar Disk Herniation

“…Porcine hamstring tendons decreased in stiffness when heated >651C. 23 In the study conducted by Nau and Diederich, 24 temperature maps were obtained using human cadaveric disk specimens during the nucleoplasty treatment. During this procedure, multiple high-temperature peaks >801C were recorded as the thermocouple sensors passed near the applicator.…”