The Effect of Zinc Oxide Supported on Gelatin Mesoporous Silica (GSBA-15) on Structural Character and Their Methylene Blue Photodegradation Performance

Abstract

Gelatin mesoporous silica SBA-15 (GSBA-15) with rod-like morphology has been successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method using P-123:gelatin, then aged at 90 °C for 24 h and calcined at 550 °C for 5 h. GSBA-15 was impregnated with ZnO amounts of 1; 5; and 10 wt% to obtain Zn/GSBA-15. Samples were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The efficiency of methylene blue photodegradation was determined by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The FTIR result is functional groups of ZnO/GSBA-15, those were Si−O−Si, −OH, Zn−OH, and Zn−O. The morphology of ZnO/GSBA-15 was rod-like, and it consisted of silica, oxygen, and Zn. The surface area and pore volume of GSBA-15 declined (surface area from 520.8 to 351.9 m2/g and pore volume from 0.707 to 0.564 cm3/g) after ZnO impregnation due to pore blocking. At the same time, increasing pore diameter (from 2.82 nm to 3.19 nm) and crystallite size (from 5.1 nm to 12.6 nm) were observed due to the overlapping of ZnO-Silica particles. The increasing incorporation of ZnO on the silica GSBA-15 framework increases the photodegradation performance from 88.76% to 94.90% due to the high surface area, functional group rich, and dispersion of ZnO active sites. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

Fast Removal of Methylene Blue via Adsorption-Photodegradation on TiO2/SBA-15 Synthesized by Slow Calcination

“…One of the developments in dye treatment is via the combination of adsorption-photodegradation processes [ 4 , 5 ]. Several studies reported using SBA-15 and silica combined with carbon nitride or titania as an efficient photocatalyst for dye removal [ 4 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. The method offers simultaneous adsorption of pollutants followed by photodegradation under light irradiation to decompose the adsorbed pollutants into less harmful molecules [ 6 ].…”

Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Incorporated with Low Iron Concentration and Gelatin Co-Template via The Ultrasonication Method and Its Methylene Blue Photodegradation Performance

“…Mesopore silica with gelatin as the cotemplate (GSBA-15) was prepared by following the previous study with a P123:gelatin ratio of 1:0.01 (%w/w) [23]. The incorporation of iron oxide into GSBA-15 was done by mixing H2O, Fe(Cl)6.6H2O, and GSBA-15 with a ratio of 2:10:100 (%w/v/w), respectively.…”

“…Characterization was done using FTIR spectrophotometer (Nicolet 6700-Thermo Fisher Scientific), XRD (Philips X'pert, Cu-Ka 0.04 o and counting time of per 10 s, 2θ 5-80•), SEM (ZEISS EVO MA and J-image (BSD-2 license) to count the number of particles, measure their size and calculate the average size of the SEM image data), and surface area analyzer (NOVA in-struments© 1994-2010 Quantachrome Instruments version 11.0). The crystal size of gelatin mesoporous silica GSBA-15 and Fe2O3/GSBA-15 was calculated with the Debye Scherrer formula [23] as Equation 2.…”

“…(2) where, D is the crystal size, λ is the wavelength used in the XRD test (1.54056 Å), B is the half-peak width in radians, and θ is the angular position of the peak formation. Besides, the crystallinity of the sample [23] can also be calculated using Equation 3.…”