The effectiveness of mindfulness-based training on anxiety in pregnant women with gestational diabetes

Abstract

Background. Anxiety is more common during pregnancy than in any other periods. Thus, medical problems such as diabetes can increase the anxiety of pregnant women. Objectives. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based training on anxiety in pregnant women with gestational diabetes. Materials and methods. This study was a randomized controlled trial study with a pre-test, post-test and control group. Among 24-28 week pregnant women with diabetes who referred to health centers in Kerman, 88 women were selected. Participants were randomly allocated into intervention and control groups. Mindfulness-based training was used for the intervention group over 8 weeks, and situational and trait anxiety was measured through a Spielberg anxiety questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 22 software. Results. There was no significant difference between the mean scores of situational and trait anxiety before intervention in both the intervention and control groups (p = 0.159, p = 0.21). However, mean situational and trait anxiety decreased in the intervention group and increased in the control group after intervention/treatment. There was significant increase over time. The difference between the two groups was also significant during the intervention and post-intervention periods (p-value < 0.0001). Conclusions. Mindfulness-based counseling conducted by a midwife decreased the anxiety of pregnant women with gestational diabetes.

Effects of nonpharmacological interventions on the psychological health of high-risk pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Quality evaluation using RoB 2 was performed for the 17 RCTs [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]. The risk of bias was low for both bias due to the randomization process and bias due to missing outcome data.…”

“…• Country: Of the 29 studies, nine were conducted in Korea [43][44][45][46]48,50,[52][53][54], all of which were non-RCT studies. Seven studies [27][28][29]33,35,41,47] were conducted in Iran. There were four studies each in China [26,34,42,49] and Turkey [32,37,39,40], and two each in Taiwan [30,36] and Switzerland [38].…”

“…Three studies [30,48,53] were published between 2011 and 2014. The majority of studies (n = 18) were published between 2016 and 2020 [27][28][29][32][33][34][35][36][37][39][40][41][42][43][44]47,49,52] (Supplementary Table 1).…”

“…• High-risk pregnancies: Of the 29 studies, five studies [28,34,35,39,47] included women with preeclampsia. There were 11 studies [27,[31][32][33]40,41,48,49,[51][52][53] targeting GDM and 11 studies [26,29,30,[35][36][37][38]45,46,50,54] on PTL. Two studies [42,43] were conducted on women with high-risk pregnancies including PTL, GDM, and preeclampsia (Supplementary Table 1).…”

“…Two studies [42,43] were conducted on women with high-risk pregnancies including PTL, GDM, and preeclampsia (Supplementary Table 1). • Age: The age of the subjects was reported in 21 studies [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][36][37][38]42,43,45,46,[48][49][50][51][52]54]. With the exclusion of one study [28], which presented only the age range, the average age of the subjects was 32.1 years and at least 17 years [28] (Table 1).…”