The effects of a simultaneous cognitive or motor task on the kinematics of walking in older fallers and non-fallers

Júnior, Renato Campos Freire; Porto, Jaqueline Mello; Marques, Nise Ribeiro; Magnani, Paola; Abreu, Daniela Cristina Carvalho de

doi:10.1016/j.humov.2016.12.004

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Declines are associated with an increased risk of falling (Beauchet et al, 2009; Menant et al, 2014). Furthermore, fallers have poorer motor precondition (e.g., reduced physical fitness or muscle strength; Freire Júnior et al, 2017). Additionally, studies have reported that older adults at risk of falling had poorer mobility judgment in a virtual reality DT walking situation (crossing a street while listening to music or writing messages) and therefore experienced more collisions with oncoming cars (Nagamatsu et al, 2011; Neider et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Cognitive-Motor Interference in Older Adults While Walking and Performing a Visual-Verbal Stroop Task

Wollesen

Voelcker‐Rehage

2019

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Objectives: Studies using the dual-task (DT) paradigm to explain age-related performance decline due to cognitive-motor interference (CMI) which causes DT costs (DTCs) revealed contradictory results for performances under DT conditions. This cross-sectional study analyzed whether differences in demographics, physical functioning, concerns of falling (CoF), and other mental factors can explain positive and negative DTCs in older adults while walking in DT situations.Methodology: N = 222 participants (57–89 years) performed a single task (ST) and a DT walking condition (visual-verbal Stroop task) in randomized order on a treadmill. Gait parameters (step length, step width) were measured at a constant self-selected walking speed. Demographics [age, Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE)], physical functioning (hand grip strength), CoF [Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I)], and mental factors [Short Form-12 (SF-12)] were assessed. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to reveal subgroup differences. A four-step hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to identify which variables determine the DTC.Results: Three subgroups were identified: (1) participants (n = 53) with positive DTCs (improvements under DT conditions); (2) participants with negative DTCs (n = 60) in all gait parameters; and (3) participants (n = 109) who revealed non-uniform DTCs. Baseline characteristics between the subgroups showed differences in age (F(2,215) = 4.953; p = 0.008; η2 = 0.044). The regression analysis revealed that physical functioning was associated with positive DTC and CoF with negative DTC.Conclusion: The results confirmed a huge inter-individual variability in older adults. They lead us to suggest that factors causing performance differences in DTCs needs to be reassessed. Functional age seems to determine DTCs rather than calendric age. Psychological variables particularly seem to negatively influence DT performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Cognitive-Motor Interference in Older Adults While Walking and Performing a Visual-Verbal Stroop Task

Wollesen

Voelcker‐Rehage

2019

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…In a study by Silsupadol et al 17 ) , elderly individuals>65 years of age showed a decreased gait speed of 0.1 m/s during the dual- compared to the single-task condition. Freire Júnior, et al 18 ) reported similar results with a reduction in gait speed of 0.18–0.22 m/s and a decrease in stride length of 5.1–5.2 cm for motor dual tasks in elderly people >60 years of age (mean age, 67 years). Himann et al 19 ) reported that the walking speed decreased by 12–16% at 10 years after age 70.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Effects of single and dual tasks during walking on spatiotemporal gait parameters of community-dwelling older

Lee

2017

J Phys Ther Sci

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[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate the effects of single and dual motor tasks on walking in the elderly. [Subjects and Methods] Data of 308 community-dwelling elderly people were analyzed. Spatiotemporal gait data were obtained using the OPTO Gait system. The gait ability test was conducted under single- and dual-task conditions. [Results] Age and task main effects showed significant difference. Interaction did not show any significant difference. [Conclusion] Our results showed that gait performance decreased during dual task compared to single task. Moreover, we found that the higher the age, the greater the effect on dual tasks. Further research is needed to determine how to improve dual task abilities in older adults.

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“…Kinematic variables data determined during obstacle crossing in the older women with and without a history of fall. Data from the preferred and non-preferred lower limbs were merged and are expressed as means and standard deviations previous studies showed conflicting results: some reported no differences when comparing fallers and non-fallers [1,20,21], while others presented slower gait among fallers [22,23]. often, these discrepancies may be related to differences in populations, for example inclusion of cognitively impaired older people [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do older women with a fall history cross obstacles differently than older women with no fall history?

Guadagnin

Rocha

Bobbert³

et al. 2020

Hum Mov.

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Purpose. Many falls in older people occur after tripping or slipping, mainly due to unsuccessful vertical clearances or horizontal distances. A first fall may be explained by several factors related to aging and can be a trigger to subsequent falls. It is unclear if a history of fall changes the kinematics of obstacle crossing, increasing the risk of trips. Here, we determined whether older women reporting a fall history showed different spatial-temporal kinematic parameters during obstacle crossing than non-fallers. In addition, we investigated the presence of asymmetries between the preferred and non-preferred lower limb during obstacle crossing in fallers and non-fallers. Methods. This cross-sectional study recruited older women with a history of fall (n = 10) and without falls (n = 10). They had their kinematic parameters evaluated when walking at self-selected speed along an 8-m walkway, crossing an obstacle positioned in the middle of the walkway, with both preferred and non-preferred limb as the lead limb. The groups were compared, and effects of lower limb preference were also determined in both groups. Results. No main effects of group were observed regarding the kinematic variables. An effect of leg preference was found for post-obstacle horizontal distance, which was greater for the preferred limb in both groups. Conclusions. In conclusion, the kinematics of gait with obstacle crossing does not differentiate between older women with or without a history of recent fall.

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The effects of a simultaneous cognitive or motor task on the kinematics of walking in older fallers and non-fallers

Cited by 34 publications

References 30 publications

Differences in Cognitive-Motor Interference in Older Adults While Walking and Performing a Visual-Verbal Stroop Task

Differences in Cognitive-Motor Interference in Older Adults While Walking and Performing a Visual-Verbal Stroop Task

Effects of single and dual tasks during walking on spatiotemporal gait parameters of community-dwelling older

Do older women with a fall history cross obstacles differently than older women with no fall history?

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