The number of sites and territories in Latvia and across the world that need different kinds of real-time health monitoring (roads, bridges, dams, railways, buildings, and other structures) is constantly growing. Since monitoring often should be conducted at long distances across many locations simultaneously, in corrosive environments under electromagnetic interference or in environments without power supply, FBG can be applied in such types of monitoring. The aim of the Doctoral Thesis is to integrate an optical FBG sensor network in optical fiber communication systems and to evaluate application of FBG sensors in real-time road monitoring solutions.