The effects of climate change on ovine parasitic gastroenteritis determined using veterinary surveillance and meteorological data for Northern Ireland over the period 1999–2009

Seasonal changes of diagnostic potential in the detection of Anoplocephala perfoliata equine infections in the climate of Central Europe

“…The high proliferation rate of nematodes causes their diagnostic potential to be less dependent on seasonality. This is proved by McMahon et al ( 2012 ), who studied the dynamics of excretion of eggs in gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants in England, Scotland and Wales, noticing differences in the seasonal dynamics of egg excretion in various types of nematodes, the most visibly for the genus Nematodirus . In a similar study, analyses of climatic aspects of gastrointestinal nematode invasions in European sheep allowed Morgan and van Dijk ( 2012 ) to point out the considerable role of such physical factors as warmth, cold and moisture on the course of infections.…”

Potential impacts of climate change on veterinary medicinal residues in livestock produce: An island of Ireland perspective††This paper is one of a series of reviews on “Climate Change and Food Safety – an Island of Ireland perspective”.

“…A study of this type has been completed for NI, but not for ROI. The results of the NI study revealed that Trichostrongylosis/Teladorsagiosis predominantly shows a generalised all-year-round distribution, most likely due to high rates of larval survival within the temperature range of NI (McMahon et al, 2012). Considering the seasonal distribution pattern, there was increased incidence of infection in August, as well as higher numbers of cases diagnosed through the autumn to winter months (September to February), indicating a temporal extension of the transmission window, shown in Fig.…”

“…infections has reduced the relative importance of spring nematodirosis, shifting the emphasis towards autumn infections. Any further temperature increase would be expected to exacerbate this shift (McMahon et al, 2012). The observed seasonal, regional and yearly changes in rates of diagnosis may be explained by the effects of rising temperature on parasite transmission.…”

“…The observed seasonal, regional and yearly changes in rates of diagnosis may be explained by the effects of rising temperature on parasite transmission. The mean annual temperature has increased in the past 10 years in NI, although the trend is significant for some months only, with temperature increasing earlier and more significantly in February and the following spring months (March to May) than later in the year (McMahon et al, 2012). Higher maximum temperatures during the summer months encourage the accumulation of infective stages from successive generations of adult parasites, increasing parasite abundance and risk of disease.…”

Autumn nematodirosis in lambs reported in Scotland

“…Ayr also diagnosed a case of autumn nematodirosis with 65,000 N battus and 25,000 Trichostrongylus species worms recovered from the small intestine. June remains the peak month for diagnoses of nematodirosis in Scotland; however, a marked shift to autumn disease was reported in Northern Ireland by McMahon and others (2012).…”