The Effects of Fatigue and Alcohol on Highway Safety

The effects of alcohol dosing on driving performance on a closed course and in a driving simulator†

“…Previous studies (see Ryder et al 1981) have uniformly reported tracking decrements at high (0.10% o r above) BACs. This is not always the case for moderate (0.05 to 0.09%) BACs (e-g. Mortimer and Sturgis 1979).…”

“…Ryder et al (1981) used this point, together with the fact that subjects are generally aware that they face no real danger, to suggest that neither closed-course nor driving-simulator studies adequately reflect the actual risks and contingencies of real-world driving. Further, because of the artificiality of these research facilities, it is likely that the observed behaviour is more indicative of optimal driving performance than typical driving behaviour.…”

“…Since real cars are used, closed-course studies have high face validity (Huntley 1974). ~u r t h e r , many researchers (for example , Ryder et al 1981) contend that studies in which subjects drive real cars are directly generalizable to real-world driving because of the comparable task complexity and response requirements. However, because subjects are driving real cars, the interaction of alcohol-dosed subjects with other vehicles (e-g. oncoming traffic) is generally not allowed for safety reasons.…”

Fatigue driving detecting model based on momentum indices and neural-fuzzy approach

“…It should be noted at the outset that the interest in physiological measures and subjective ratings is due largely to their potential use as predictors of actual driving performance. There is some evidence to suggest that subjective measures of fatigue do indeed correlate with performance decrements associated with fatigue [9]. However, actual driving performance measures have generally shown promise as predictors of driver impairment, since these measures have many advantages (e.g., no wires, devices, or monitors on or aimed at an operator) and can be practically implemented in conjunction with a monitoring and alerting device, but their scientific validity remain to be demonstrated as with all fatigue measuring technologies [10].…”

“…The complete notation for the MACD indicator is MACD (12,26,9) where the numbers 12 and 26 refer to the initial exponential smoothing calculations, and the 9 refers to the smoothing to produce the signal line. Experience shows that MACD gives many whipsaws if the trending is listless and moving sideways.…”