The effects of feeding procedure on closure of the oesophageal groove in young sheep

Ørskov, E. R.; Benzie, D.; Kay, R. N. B.

doi:10.1079/bjn19700080

Cited by 71 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…From sugars such as lactose, volatile free fatty acids (VFFA) are produced (16). It has been shown that the production of these VFFA's stimulates the growth of ruminal papillae, the development of rumen movements, and ruminal growth (13,17). From our observations it can be concluded that the onset of these functions occurs even without the availability of any roughage.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…The reticular groove reflex has been studied intensively in the past (7,12,13,14,16,20,21). Most of these studies were done in lambs, and in almost all cases the animals were allowed to suck a rubber nipple attached to a bottle or a bucket.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Watson and Jarret (19) were the first to indicate that the reticular groove reflex is, for the greater part, a conditioned reflex. Orskov (13,14) observed in lambs, that after training with certain signals closure of the reticular groove occurred a considerable time before milk was presented. After training calves for 3 weeks, we observed that closure of the groove was induced 5-10 minutes before milk was presented (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These observations throw a different light on experiments using various substances to induce the reflex: in these experiments the calves or lambs may have been conditioned before the start of the experiments. Orskov (13) concluded that the reticular groove reflex can be maintained by optimal nursing management, even in adult ruminants. Our results confirm that the conditions under which the milk is presented determine to a large extent whether the reticular groove closes or not.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consequences of failure of the reticular groove reflex in veal calves fed milk replacer

Breukink

Wensing

Buisman³

et al. 1988

Veterinary Quarterly

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SUMMARY A number of problems seen in veal calves are associated with insufficient adaptation to the changes in husbandry connected with the fattening system. These problems include chronic tympanitis, chronic vomiting, cachexia, unthriftiness, abomasal erosions and ulcers. Some of these problems are associated with failure of the reticular groove reflex, and result in ruminal drinking. Persistent ruminal drinking causes a syndrome characterised by a variety of symptoms such as unthriftiness, severe growth retardation, inappetence, recurrent tympany, abdomal distension. a long dry haircoat and clay-like faeces. Clinical studies performed to investigate the pathogenesis of the syndrome are described. It was found that the milk was stored in the rumen and was partly broken down. The presence of milk in the rumen induced typical changes in the ruminal mucosa (hyper/ parakeratosis) and also inhibited casein clot formation in the abdomasum. The small intestinal mucosa showed villous atrophy. After training, the reticular groove reflex was re-established in a number of patients but the growth rate of these calves did not return to normal.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Consequences of failure of the reticular groove reflex in veal calves fed milk replacer

Breukink

Wensing

Buisman³

et al. 1988

Veterinary Quarterly

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“…On the other hand, there are reports that ensalivation during mastication effectively brings soluble diet components into solution in cattle (Bailey 1961), and that the reticular groove can retain its ability to close completely in conditioned domestic ruminants (Orskov et al 1970;Ruckebusch and Kay 1971;Dobarganes Garcia et al 2005). In combination, these observations led to the hypothesis that nutrients dissolved in saliva bypass the rumen via the reticular groove even in adult individuals -especially in browsing ruminants (Hofmann 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No ‘bypass’ in adult ruminants: Passage of fluid ingested vs. fluid inserted into the rumen in fistulated muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus), reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) and moose (Alces alces)

Lechner¹,

Barboza²,

Collins³

et al. 2009

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular &

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In young ruminants, the reticular groove ensures that ingested milk is channelled past the forestomach to avoid malfermentation. It has been speculated that some adult wild ruminants, in particular browsing species, maintain a functional oesophageal (reticular) groove, that soluble nutrients can thus bypass the rumen, and that thus the energetic gain from the diet can be increased. We inserted a fluid marker (Co-EDTA) via cannula into the rumen and simultaneously fed a diet that contained a second fluid marker (Sm-EDTA), and analysed the faecal marker excretion patterns, in muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus, n=4 in two experiments each), reindeer (Rangifer tarandus, n=4 in a total of six experiments) and moose (Alces alces, n=1 in one experiment). In no case was the orally fed marker excreted dinstinctively earlier than the marker inserted into the rumen, which indicates that substantial bypass did not occur in these animals. However, differences between the three species in the excretion of the two markers from the rumen are consistent with hypothetical differences in the stratification of rumen contents. We suggest that effects previously ascribed to a "rumen bypass" in wild ruminants most likely reflect differences in the passage from the rumen. No 'bypass' in adult ruminants AbstractIn young ruminants, the reticular groove ensures that ingested milk is channelled past the forestomach to avoid malfermentation. It has been speculated that some adult wild ruminants, in particular browsing species, maintain a functional oesophageal (reticular) groove, that soluble nutrients can thus bypass the rumen, and that thus the energetic gain from the diet can be increased. We inserted a fluid marker (Co-EDTA) via cannula into the rumen and simultaneously fed a diet that contained a second fluid marker (Sm-EDTA), and analysed the faecal marker excretion patterns, in muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus, n=4 in two experiments each), reindeer (Rangifer tarandus, n=4 in a total of six experiments) and moose (Alces alces, n=1 in one experiment). In no case was the orally fed marker excreted dinstinctively earlier than the marker inserted into the rumen, which indicates that substantial bypass did not occur in these animals. However, differences between the three species in the excretion of the two markers from the rumen are consistent with hypothetical differences in the stratification of rumen contents. We suggest that effects previously ascribed to a "rumen bypass" in wild ruminants most likely reflect differences in the passage from the rumen.

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Gastrointestinal motor functions in ruminants

Ruckebusch

1989

Comprehensive Physiology

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The effects of feeding procedure on closure of the oesophageal groove in young sheep

Cited by 71 publications

References 6 publications

Consequences of failure of the reticular groove reflex in veal calves fed milk replacer

Consequences of failure of the reticular groove reflex in veal calves fed milk replacer

No ‘bypass’ in adult ruminants: Passage of fluid ingested vs. fluid inserted into the rumen in fistulated muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus), reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) and moose (Alces alces)

Gastrointestinal motor functions in ruminants

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